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Visual Cortical Plasticity in Retinitis Pigmentosa.
Claudia Lunghi1,2, Lucia Galli-Resta3, Paola Binda2,3
1Laboratoire des systèmes perceptifs, Département d'études Cognitives, École Normale Supérieure, PSL University, CNRS, Paris, France.
Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science
|June 28, 2019
Summary
Retinitis pigmentosa patients retain normal short-term visual cortical plasticity. This suggests the adult brain can adapt to new visual input, benefiting future therapies for this genetic eye disease.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Ophthalmology
- Genetics
Background:
- Retinitis pigmentosa (RP) is a group of genetic disorders causing progressive photoreceptor degeneration.
- Current treatments for RP focus on restoring or replacing retinal input, but the visual cortex's plasticity in RP patients remains unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate short-term visual cortical plasticity in retinitis pigmentosa (RP).
- To determine if the visual cortex of RP patients can adapt to altered visual input.
Main Methods:
- Tested short-term (2-hour) monocular deprivation in 14 RP patients with significant central visual field sparing.
- Measured sensory ocular dominance using binocular rivalry before and after deprivation.
Main Results:
- Most RP patients exhibited a perceptual shift in ocular dominance favoring the deprived eye, similar to controls.
- This visual cortical plasticity was within the normal range.
- Higher visual impairment (lower visual acuity and electroretinogram amplitude) correlated with greater plasticity in RP patients.
Conclusions:
- RP patients demonstrate sufficient short-term visual cortical plasticity to adapt to altered visual input.
- This finding suggests the adult brain in RP can benefit from future therapeutic strategies.
- The study provides a novel method for assessing adaptive capabilities in RP patients.
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