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A new polysaccharide isolated from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies and its immunoregulatory mechanism

Yao Wen1, Dan Peng2, Chunlei Li3

  • 1Biotechnological Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Jinan University, 601 Huangpu Avenue West, Guangzhou 510632, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|June 28, 2019
PubMed

Insights

A novel mushroom polysaccharide, MIPW50-1, from Morchella importuna enhances immune cell function. This compound may serve as a functional food ingredient for boosting immunity.

Area of Science:

  • Mycology
  • Immunology
  • Carbohydrate Chemistry

Background:

  • Morchella mushrooms are edible fungi with potential bioactive compounds.
  • Polysaccharides are known for their immunomodulatory properties.
  • Investigating novel polysaccharides from edible mushrooms can reveal new health benefits.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize a novel polysaccharide from Morchella importuna.
  • To evaluate the immunoregulatory effects of the isolated polysaccharide.
  • To elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of its immune-potentiating activity.

Main Methods:

  • Polysaccharide isolation and purification from Morchella importuna fruiting bodies.
  • Structural elucidation using advanced analytical techniques (e.g., NMR, Mass Spectrometry).
  • In vitro assays to assess macrophage function (phagocytosis, cytokine secretion) and signaling pathways (TLR4/JNK, Akt/NF-κB).

Main Results:

  • A new polysaccharide, MIPW50-1 (28.5 kDa), composed of N-acetylglucosamine, galactose, glucose, and mannose was identified.
  • MIPW50-1 significantly stimulated macrophage phagocytosis and promoted the secretion of nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and interleukin-6 (IL-6).
  • Immune potentiation was mediated through the Toll-like receptor 4/c-Jun N-terminal kinase (TLR4/JNK) and Akt/nuclear factor-kappa B (Akt/NF-κB) signaling pathways.

Conclusions:

  • MIPW50-1 is the first reported polysaccharide containing N-acetylglucosamine isolated from Morchella mushrooms.
  • MIPW50-1 exhibits significant immunomodulatory activity by enhancing macrophage function via specific signaling pathways.
  • This novel polysaccharide holds potential as an immunoenhancing component in functional foods.
Keywords:
Immunoregulatory mechanismMorchella importuna polysaccharideStructural characterization

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