Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

The Nitrogen Cycle

The Nitrogen Cycle

Nitrogen atoms, present in all proteins and DNA, are recycled between abiotic and biotic components of the ecosystem. However, the primary form of nitrogen on Earth is nitrogen gas, which cannot be used by most animals and plants. Thus, nitrogen gas must first be converted into a usable form by nitrogen-fixing bacteria before it can be cycled through other living organisms. The use of nitrogen-containing fertilizers and animal waste products in human agriculture has greatly influenced the...

Emission Spectra

Emission Spectra

When solids, liquids, or condensed gases are heated sufficiently, they radiate some of the excess energy as light. Photons produced in this manner have a range of energies, and thereby produce a continuous spectrum in which an unbroken series of wavelengths is present.

Pilot and Numeric Relaying

Pilot and Numeric Relaying

Pilot relaying is a type of differential protection used in power systems. It compares electrical quantities at the terminals of equipment via a communication channel instead of direct relay interconnection. This method is essential for transmission lines where the terminals are far apart, typically up to 80 km for lines with 69 to 115 kV ratings. Four types of communication channels are used for pilot relaying:

Oxidation Numbers

Oxidation Numbers

In redox reactions, the transfer of electrons occurs between reacting species. Electron transfer is described by a hypothetical number called the oxidation number (or oxidation state). It represents the effective charge of an atom or element, which is assigned using a set of rules.

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism

Nitrogen is a very important element for life because it is a major constituent of proteins and nucleic acids. It is a macronutrient, and in nature, it is recycled from organic compounds and stored in the form of ammonia, ammonium ions, nitrate, nitrite, or nitrogen gas by many metabolic processes. Many of these metabolic processes are carried out only by prokaryotes.
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...

pH Scale

pH Scale

Hydronium and hydroxide ions are present both in pure water and in all aqueous solutions, and their concentrations are inversely proportional as determined by the ion product of water (Kw). The concentrations of these ions in a solution are often critical determinants of the solution’s properties and the chemical behaviors of its other solutes. Two different solutions can differ in their hydronium or hydroxide ion concentrations by a million, billion, or even trillion times. A common means of...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Effect of Medicaid coverage of tobacco-dependence treatments on smoking cessation.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2010

Same author

Cytokine and autoantibody patterns in acute liver failure.

Journal of immunotoxicology·2009

Same author

A novel scoring system for prognostic prediction in d-galactosamine/lipopolysaccharide-induced fulminant hepatic failure BALB/c mice.

BMC gastroenterology·2009

Same author

Mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathway contributes to glioma progression and patients' prognosis.

The Journal of surgical research·2009

Same author

Estrogen receptor neurobiology and its potential for translation into broad spectrum therapeutics for CNS disorders.

Current molecular pharmacology·2009

Same author

Transcriptional and post-translational regulation of adiponectin.

The Biochemical journal·2009

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment

Published on: May 2, 2025

Nitrous oxide emissions from pilot scale three-stage constructed wetlands with variable nitrogen loading.

Shunan Zhang¹, Feng Liu¹, Pei Luo¹

¹Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Regions, Changsha Research Station for Agricultural & Environmental Monitoring, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hunan 410125, PR China.

Bioresource Technology

|June 28, 2019

Summary

Constructed wetlands effectively remove nitrogen from swine wastewater. However, high nitrogen levels can increase nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions, linked to nitrate and N2O reductase gene abundance.

Keywords:

Constructed wetland N(2)O emission Swine wastewater Total nitrogen nosZ gene

More Related Videos

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Published on: January 13, 2018

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Published on: January 31, 2025

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment

Mesocosm-Scale Constructed Wetland Design for Wastewater Treatment

Published on: May 2, 2025

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Recording Brain Electromagnetic Activity During the Administration of the Gaseous Anesthetic Agents Xenon and Nitrous Oxide in Healthy Volunteers

Published on: January 13, 2018

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Visualizing Methane-Cycling Microbial Dynamics in Coastal Wetlands

Published on: January 31, 2025

Area of Science:

Environmental Engineering
Water Treatment Technologies
Microbial Ecology

Background:

Swine wastewater presents significant nitrogen pollution challenges.
Constructed wetlands are a promising biological treatment method.
Nitrous oxide (N2O) is a potent greenhouse gas emitted during nitrogen removal processes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions from pilot-scale surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) treating swine wastewater.
To determine the relationship between nitrogen loading, N2O emissions, and microbial gene abundance.
To provide insights for optimizing constructed wetland design for nitrogen removal and greenhouse gas mitigation.

Main Methods:

Utilized three-stage surface flow constructed wetlands (SFCWs) at a pilot scale.
Monitored nitrogen levels (total nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen) in swine wastewater.
Quantified nitrous oxide (N2O) emissions and measured the abundance of the N2O reductase (nosZ) gene.

Main Results:

SFCWs achieved high total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiencies (84.6-97.1%).
N2O emissions and nitrate nitrogen (NO3--N) concentration peaked at approximately 100 mg N/L TN.
N2O emissions positively correlated with NO3--N concentration (p < 0.001) and nosZ gene abundance (p < 0.05).
TN loading significantly affected nosZ gene abundance.

Conclusions:

Nitrogen removal in constructed wetlands can lead to significant N2O emissions.
N2O emissions are influenced by nitrogen loading, nitrate concentrations, and microbial N2O reductase activity.
Optimizing pollution loading is crucial for balancing nitrogen removal efficiency and minimizing N2O emissions in constructed wetland design.