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Fruity flavors from waste: A novel process to upgrade crude glycerol to ethyl valerate
Ramon Ganigué1, Pieter Naert2, Pieter Candry3
1Center for Microbiology Ecology and Technology (CMET), Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, 9000 Ghent, Belgium(2); CAPTURE, Belgium(3).
Abstract:
Valeric acid and its ester derivatives are chemical compounds with a high industrial interest. Here we report a new approach to produce them from crude glycerol, by combining propionic acid fermentation with chain elongation. Propionic acid was produced by Propionibacterium acidipropionici (8.49 ± 1.40 g·L-1). In the subsequent mixed population chain elongation, valeric acid was the dominant product (5.3 ± 0.69 g·L-1) of the chain elongation process. Residual glycerol negatively impacted the selectivity of mixed culture chain elongation towards valeric acid, whereas this was unaffected when Clostridium kluyveri was used as bio-catalyst. Valeric acid could be selectively isolated and upgraded to ethyl valerate by using dodecane as extractant and medium for esterification, whereas shorter-chain carboxylic acids could be recovered by using a 10 wt% solution of trioctylphosphine oxide (TOPO) in dodecane. Overall, our work shows that the combined fermentation, electrochemistry and homogeneous catalysis enables fine chemical production from side streams.
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