Local Structure and Influence of Sb Substitution on the Structure-Transport Properties in AgBiSe₂

Owing to their intrinsically low thermal conductivity and chemical diversity, materials within the I-V-VI₂ family, and especially AgBiSe₂, have recently attracted interest as promising thermoelectric materials. However, further investigations are needed in order to develop a more fundamental understanding of the origin of the low thermal conductivity in AgBiSe₂, to evaluate possible stereochemical activity of the 6s² lone pair of Bi³⁺, and to further elaborate on chemical design approaches for influencing the occurring phase transitions. In this work, a combination of temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction, Rietveld refinements of laboratory X-ray diffraction data, and pair distribution function analyses of synchrotron X-ray diffraction data is used to tackle the influence of Sb substitution within AgBi_1-SbSe₂ (0 ⩽ x ⩽ 0.15) on the phase transitions, local distortions, and off-centering of the structure. This work shows that, similar to other lone-pair-containing materials, local off-centering and distortions can be found in AgBiSe₂. Furthermore, electronic and thermal transport measurements, in combination with the modeling of point-defect scattering, highlight the importance of structural characterizations toward understanding changes induced by elemental substitutions. This work provides new insights into the structure-transport correlations of the thermoelectric AgBiSe₂.