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West Nile Virus and Usutu Virus Co-Circulation in Europe: Epidemiology and Implications
Silvia Zannoli1, Vittorio Sambri2,3
1Unit of Microbiology, The Great Romagna Area Hub Laboratory, Pievesestina, 47522 Cesena, Italy. silvia.zannoli@auslromagna.it.
Abstract:
West Nile virus (WNV) and Usutu virus (USUV) are neurotropic mosquito-borne flaviviruses that may infect humans. Although WNV is much more widespread and plays a much larger role in human health, the two viruses are characterized by similar envelope antigens, clinical manifestations, and present overlapping in terms of geographic range of transmission, host, and vector species. This review highlights some of the most relevant aspects of WNV and USUV human infections in Europe, and the possible implications of their co-circulation.
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