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Related Concept Videos

Case Studies01:22

Case Studies

There are many research methods available to psychologists in their efforts to understand, describe, and explain behavior and the cognitive and biological processes that underlie it.
Surveys02:16

Surveys

Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification03:00

Self-Evaluation: Self-Enhancement and Self-Verification

Social psychologists have documented that feeling good about ourselves and maintaining positive self-esteem is a powerful motivator of human behavior (Tavris & Aronson, 2008). In the United States, members of the predominant culture typically think very highly of themselves and view themselves as good people who are above average on many desirable traits (Ehrlinger, Gilovich, & Ross, 2005). Often, our behavior, attitudes, and beliefs are affected when we experience a threat to our...
Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching I: Assessment and Diagnosis01:24

Nursing Process for Patient and Caregiver Teaching I: Assessment and Diagnosis

The nursing process provides a clinical decision-making framework for patients and families to establish and implement a personalized care plan. Since part of the nurse's duties is to teach patients, the steps of the nursing process are the most effective way to approach instruction. The nursing process and the teaching-learning process are inextricably linked.
It is critical to determine the patient's learning needs during the assessment. Determination of learning needs compounds data from the...
Nursing Assessment01:29

Nursing Assessment

The two sources for collecting information are primary and secondary. After gathering information, interpretation and validation help to complete the data. The purpose of assessment is to establish data with the initial information, to interpret data about the patient's perceived needs and health problems, and to respond to these problems identified.
The nurse collects all aspects of the patient's health in the initial assessment, establishing priorities for ongoing focused assessments and...
Metacognition01:26

Metacognition

Metacognition is a conscious process where individuals are aware of their cognitive and executive processes, such as planning before solving a problem or self-monitoring during reading. For instance, a writer may need help with composing a piece. The situation involves a writer who is working on a piece of writing, but while doing so, they realize that something is missing. They notice that their characters lack depth or details. This realization occurs because the writer is reflecting on their...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 26, 2026

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective
13:57

Assessing the Multiple Dimensions of Engagement to Characterize Learning: A Neurophysiological Perspective

Published on: July 1, 2015

Creating assessments as an active learning strategy: what are students' perceptions? A mixed methods study.

Josh B Kurtz1, Michael A Lourie1, Elizabeth E Holman1

  • 1a Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Rheumatology , University of Michigan Medical School , Ann Arbor , MI , USA.

Medical Education Online
|June 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Medical students found that learning to write multiple-choice questions (MCQs) enhanced their understanding of assessment design and improved critical thinking. This active learning strategy also fostered collaboration and deeper content integration.

Keywords:
Qualitative research methodsactive learningcurriculum development/evaluationmultiple-choice questionsquantitative research methods

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12:55

Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties

Published on: September 27, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Medical Education
  • Active Learning Strategies
  • Assessment Design

Background:

  • Creating assessments like multiple-choice questions (MCQs) can be an effective active learning strategy for students.
  • Understanding student engagement with these activities is crucial for optimizing learning outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore medical students' perceptions of how rigorous MCQ training and subsequent question writing impact their learning.
  • Investigate the effects of collaborative MCQ generation on medical student learning.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods exploratory qualitative study involving 18 second-year medical students.
  • Students received training in best practices for MCQ writing and collaboratively created a question bank.
  • Data were collected through focus groups and surveys, then iteratively coded into themes.

Main Results:

  • MCQ training improved students' appreciation for MCQ examinations and test-taking strategies.
  • Writing MCQs demanded greater problem-solving and content integration compared to traditional study methods.
  • Generating plausible distractors necessitated critical reasoning for distinguishing between diagnoses and treatments.

Conclusions:

  • MCQ writing training enhances appreciation for MCQ assessments.
  • The process requires conceptual connections, differentiation of diagnostic/therapeutic options, and peer learning.
  • Significant time commitment and a strong knowledge base are necessary for effective MCQ writing.