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Related Experiment Video

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Reduced Interhemispheric Functional Connectivity in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder Patients.

Ke Deng1, Tianfu Qi2, Jian Xu3

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, China.

Frontiers in Psychiatry
|June 29, 2019
PubMed
Summary

Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is linked to abnormal brain connectivity between hemispheres. This study reveals altered homotopic connectivity in OCD patients, suggesting interhemispheric imbalance in its pathophysiology.

Keywords:
functional connectivity (FC)homotopic connectivityinterhemispheric functional connectivityobsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD)r-fMRIvoxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC)

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychiatry
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • High synchrony of spontaneous neural activity between homologous brain regions is a hallmark of healthy brains.
  • This interhemispheric synchrony is often disrupted in various mental disorders.
  • The specific alterations in homotopic connectivity in obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) remain largely unexplored.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the neural mechanisms underlying OCD by analyzing interhemispheric functional connectivity.
  • To determine if altered homotopic connectivity in OCD patients correlates with their clinical characteristics.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized resting-state voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity (VMHC) analysis.
  • Compared VMHC patterns in 46 OCD patients and 46 matched healthy controls (HCs).
  • Employed partial correlation analysis to examine the relationship between VMHC alterations and clinical features in OCD.

Main Results:

  • OCD patients exhibited significantly lower VMHC compared to HCs in several brain regions, including the fusiform gyrus, inferior occipital gyrus, lingual gyrus, postcentral gyrus, precentral gyrus, putamen, and orbital frontal gyrus.
  • A positive correlation was found between altered VMHC in the angular gyrus/middle occipital gyrus and the duration of illness in OCD patients.
  • These findings indicate widespread disruptions in interhemispheric functional connectivity in OCD.

Conclusions:

  • Interhemispheric functional imbalance is a key component in the pathophysiology of OCD.
  • These imbalances extend beyond the canonical cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) loop, affecting other brain areas.
  • Altered homotopic connectivity may serve as a potential neuroimaging marker for OCD and its progression.