Inflammatory patterns of antrochoanal polyps in the pediatric age group
Huiwen Zheng1, Lixing Tang2, Beibei Song2
11Beijing Key Laboratory for Pediatric Diseases of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, MOE Key Laboratory of Major Diseases in Children, Beijing Pediatric Research Institute, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China.
Insights
Antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) in children are linked to increased IL-6 and IL-10 levels, suggesting a role in neutrophilic inflammation. Atopy appears to play a minor role in pediatric ACP development.
Area of Science:
- Otolaryngology
- Immunology
- Pediatric Medicine
Background:
- The exact causes and development of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) are not well understood.
- This study aimed to explore the inflammatory markers and the influence of atopy in pediatric ACPs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize inflammatory profiles in pediatric antrochoanal polyps.
- To investigate the role of atopy in the pathogenesis of pediatric ACPs.
Main Methods:
- Enrolled 33 pediatric ACP patients and 10 controls.
- Assessed nasal symptom severity using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
- Measured serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and cytokine levels via multiplexed luminex assay.
Main Results:
- No significant differences in VAS scores or inflammatory cell counts between atopic and nonatopic ACP patients.
- Elevated levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were observed in ACP patients compared to controls.
- Increased IL-8 and GRO (growth-related oncogene) were noted in ACP patients, while RANTES and GM-CSF showed no difference.
Conclusions:
- Nasal obstruction is the primary symptom in pediatric ACPs.
- Atopy seems to have a limited role in the pathogenesis of pediatric ACPs.
- IL-6 and IL-10 are implicated in the inflammatory processes of ACPs, suggesting potential therapeutic targets.
Background:
The pathogenesis and etiology of antrochoanal polyps (ACPs) remains obscure. This study aimed to characterize the inflammatory profiles and investigate the effect of atopy on the pathogenesis of pediatric ACPs.
Methods:
Thirty-three ACP patients and ten control subjects were enrolled from January to December 2017. The severity of individual nasal symptoms was scored on a visual analogue scale (VAS). The serum total immunoglobulin E (IgE) and cytokines level was measured by multiplexed luminex assay.
Results:
There was no significant difference in VAS scores and counts of inflammatory cells between atopic and nonatopic ACP. No difference in IFNγ, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13, IL-17A and IL-25 was found between control and whole ACP, nonatopic and atopic ACP. Significantly increased levels of IL-6 and IL-10 were found in ACP compared with control. For neutrophil chemotactic factor, significant increases of IL-8 and GRO were observed in ACP, but for eosinophil chemotactic factor, no difference was found in RANTES and GM-CSF. IL-6 level was positively correlated with IL-8, MCP1, and GRO level, and IL-10 level was positively correlated with IL-4 and IL-13 in ACP subjects.
Conclusion:
Nasal obstruction was the most common symptom in ACPs in children. Allergic condition may have a poor role in the pathogenesis of ACPs. IL-6 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of neutrophilic inflammation in patients with ACPs and may provide a new treatment strategy for ACPs in children. Treg cell associated cytokine IL-10 was involved in the inflammatory pathophysiological process of ACPs and played a certain regulatory role.
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