Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.

Vision

Vision

Vision is the result of light being detected and transduced into neural signals by the retina of the eye. This information is then further analyzed and interpreted by the brain. First, light enters the front of the eye and is focused by the cornea and lens onto the retina—a thin sheet of neural tissue lining the back of the eye. Because of refraction through the convex lens of the eye, images are projected onto the retina upside-down and reversed.

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal Perception

Subliminal perception refers to the processing of sensory information that occurs below the level of conscious awareness. Researchers study subliminal perception by presenting a stimulus, such as a word or image, very quickly, typically around 50 milliseconds. This rapid presentation is often followed by another stimulus, such as a pattern of dots or lines, which blocks further mental processing of the initial stimulus. As a result, if participants cannot identify the initial stimulus better...

Factors Affecting Perception

Factors Affecting Perception

Perception is influenced by perceptual set, context, motivation, and emotion. Perceptual set, or perceptual expectancy, refers to the tendency to perceive things in a particular way, influenced by previous experiences and expectations. This phenomenon affects the interpretation of stimuli, creating a set of mental tendencies and assumptions that impact sensory perceptions of sound, taste, touch, and sight.
An illustrative example of a perceptual set is the scenario where an airline pilot told...

Perception

Perception

Perception is a fundamental psychological process that enables individuals to organize, interpret, and consciously experience sensory information. This process is crucial for understanding and interacting with the world around us. It includes both bottom-up and top-down processing, each playing a distinct role in how we perceive our environment.
Bottom-up processing begins at the sensory level, where receptors detect external environmental stimuli. These could include the tactile sensation of...

Color Vision

Color Vision

Color perception begins in the retina, the light-sensitive layer at the back of the eye. Two main theories explain how colors are seen: the trichromatic theory and the opponent-process theory. The trichromatic theory, proposed by Thomas Young in 1802 and extended by Hermann von Helmholtz in 1852, suggests that color vision is based on three types of cone receptors in the retina. These cones are sensitive to different but overlapping ranges of wavelengths corresponding to red, blue, and green.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Horseshoe bats foraging in the wild adjust sensing to separate prey echoes from background clutter.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2026

Same author

Agent-based modeling reveals how bats navigate dense group emergences.

eLife·2026

Same author

In-flight brainstem responses highlight the encoding of self-emitted echolocation calls in bats.

Proceedings. Biological sciences·2026

Same author

Female moths incorporate plant acoustic emissions into their oviposition decision-making process.

eLife·2026

Same author

Early experience affects foraging behavior of wild fruit bats more than their original behavioral predispositions.

eLife·2025

Same author

Onboard recordings reveal how bats maneuver under severe acoustic interference.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·2025

Same journal

Taphonomic analysis at Liang Bua reveals the behavioral and technological capabilities of <i>Homo floresiensis</i>.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Targeting granule initiation and amyloplast structure to create giant starch granules in wheat.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

A meta-analysis of carbon losses and gains from tropical moist forest degradation and regeneration.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Ancient DNA reveals elite dynastic rule among Iron Age Eurasian Steppe nomads.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Targeting astrocytic Dp71 attenuates BBB disruption after traumatic brain injury through WTAP-associated m<sup>6</sup>A regulation of MMP2.

Science advances·2026

Same journal

Pancreatic α cells are required for nutrient homeostasis by regulating dynamic β cell networks in islets.

Science advances·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Published on: August 27, 2019

Integrating vision and echolocation for navigation and perception in bats.

S Danilovich^1,2, Y Yovel^1,2

¹Sagol School of Neuroscience, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv 6997801, Israel.

Science Advances

|June 29, 2019

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Egyptian fruit bats integrate sensory information dynamically. Their multisensory perception and navigation strategies show a complex, task-dependent weighting of vision and echolocation.

More Related Videos

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

Published on: October 23, 2019

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Standard Operating Procedure for Lyssavirus Surveillance of the Bat Population in Taiwan

Published on: August 27, 2019

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

A Standardized Obstacle Course for Assessment of Visual Function in Ultra Low Vision and Artificial Vision

Published on: February 11, 2014

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

Tissue Collection of Bats for -Omics Analyses and Primary Cell Culture

Published on: October 23, 2019

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Sensory Biology
Animal Behavior

Background:

Understanding how animals integrate sensory information is key to perception.
Bats utilize vision and echolocation for spatial sensing, making them excellent models for multisensory integration studies.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate multisensory integration in Egyptian fruit bats.
To explore how bats use vision and echolocation for object learning, classification, and navigation.

Main Methods:

Three distinct behavioral paradigms were employed.
Egyptian fruit bats' responses to visual and echolocation stimuli were analyzed.

Main Results:

Bats learned object shapes using vision alone, even with concurrent echolocation.
Object classification was achievable via echolocation, with potential translation to visual representations.
Navigation showed dynamic modality switching: vision for flight direction, echolocation for obstacle avoidance.

Conclusions:

Sensory integration in bats is task-dependent.
The weighting of bimodal information is more complex than previously understood.