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Porcine keratin 75 in developing enamel.

Risako Chiba1, Miu Okubo2, Ryuji Yamamoto1

  • 1Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama 230-8501, Japan.

Journal of Oral Biosciences
|June 29, 2019
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Summary

Porcine keratin 75 (K75) is present in developing enamel and shows unique processing. This study provides biochemical evidence for K75

Keywords:
AmelogenesisEnamelKeratinProteinsTooth

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Developmental Biology
  • Oral Biology

Background:

  • Keratins are intermediate filament proteins crucial for epithelial structure.
  • Enamel formation is a complex process involving specific protein synthesis and degradation.
  • Understanding enamel protein composition is key to deciphering enamel development and pathology.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide in vivo biochemical evidence for the isolation, identification, and characterization of porcine keratin 75 (K75) in developing enamel.
  • To investigate the expression patterns and proteolytic susceptibility of K75 during enamel formation.

Main Methods:

  • Immunolocalization of K75 in mouse mandibles.
  • Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for K75 gene expression in porcine enamel organ epithelium (EOE).
  • Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) for identification of extracted porcine K75.
  • In vitro protease digestion assays using porcine kallikrein 4 (pKLK4) and recombinant human enamelysin (rhMMP20).

Main Results:

  • K75 immunostaining observed in specific cell layers during mouse tooth development.
  • Porcine K75 transcript levels were highest in the transition stage EOE.
  • K75 was identified in both immature and mature porcine enamel.
  • K75 was resistant to degradation by pKLK4 and rhMMP20.

Conclusions:

  • Porcine keratin 75 (K75) is a component of developing enamel.
  • K75 exhibits distinct proteolytic resistance compared to other enamel proteins.
  • These findings suggest a unique role and processing pathway for K75 in enamel formation.