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Negative urgency and ad-libitum smoking topography.
Allison M Borges1, Teresa M Leyro1, Rachel L Rosen1
1Department of Psychology, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, USA.
Drug and Alcohol Dependence
|June 29, 2019
Summary
Negative urgency, the tendency to act rashly when distressed, influences smoking behavior. Smokers with high negative urgency display distinct puffing patterns, regardless of distress levels.
Area of Science:
- Behavioral Psychology
- Addiction Research
- Tobacco Control
Background:
- Negative urgency (NU), characterized by impulsive reactions to distress, is linked to smoking expectancies centered on negative reinforcement.
- Understanding the role of NU in behavioral smoking reinforcement, particularly concerning distress, is crucial for targeted interventions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between negative urgency (NU) and behavioral smoking reinforcement.
- To examine how self-reported distress moderates the relationship between NU and smoking topography.
Main Methods:
- 124 non-treatment seeking daily smokers participated in an ad-libitum smoking session.
- Puff topography (puff volume, duration, velocity, inter-puff interval) was meticulously recorded and analyzed at the puff level.
- Multilevel modeling was employed to analyze the complex interactions between NU, distress, and smoking behavior over time.
Main Results:
- A significant interaction between NU and distress was observed, affecting puff duration and inter-puff interval.
- Smokers with high NU exhibited persistently elevated puff durations throughout a cigarette, irrespective of baseline distress.
- NU and distress interacted to influence inter-puff intervals, with patterns varying based on distress levels and NU traits.
Conclusions:
- Trait negative urgency, especially in conjunction with acute distress, significantly contributes to variations in puff topography during smoking.
- These findings highlight NU as a key factor influencing how individuals smoke, offering potential targets for smoking cessation strategies.
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