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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Determination of the Excitation and Coupling Rates Between Light Emitters and Surface Plasmon Polaritons
Published on: July 21, 2018
Strong longitudinal coupling of Tamm plasmon polaritons in graphene/DBR/Ag hybrid structure
Abstract:
In this paper, strong longitudinal coupling of the Tamm plasmon polaritons (TPPs) is investigated in a graphene/DBR/Ag slab hybrid system. It is found that TPPs can be excited at both the top graphene and the bottom silver slab interface, which can strongly interact with each other in this coupled structure. Numerical simulation results demonstrate that the vertical Tamm plasmon coupling can be either tuned by adjusting the geometric parameters or actively controlled by the Fermi energy in graphene sheet as well as the incident angle of light, allowing for strong light-matter interaction with a tunable dual-band perfect absorption. Moreover, the coupling strength of the hybrid modes exhibits a large tuning range, from a large Rabi splitting to an extremely narrow induced transparency in this coupled regime. Coupled mode theory has been employed to explain the strong coupling phenomenon. The controllable TPP coupling with an ultrahigh dual-band absorption capability offered by this simple layered structure opens new avenues for developing a broad range of graphene-based active optoelectronic and polaritonic devices.
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Titration Calculations: Strong Acid - Strong Base
A titration is carried out for 25.00 mL of 0.100 M HCl (strong acid) with 0.100 M of a strong base NaOH. The pH at different volumes of added base solution can be calculated as follows:
(a) Titrant volume = 0 mL. The solution pH is due to the acid ionization of HCl. Because this is a strong acid, the ionization is complete and the hydronium ion molarity is 0.100 M. The pH of the solution is then:
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The Lewis structure of a nitrite anion (NO2−) may actually be drawn in two different ways, distinguished by the locations of the N–O and N=O bonds.
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Titration of a Strong Acid with a Strong Base
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