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    A new parallel fiber-optic Fabry-Perot interferometer (FPI) sensor enhances strain measurement sensitivity by 4.6 times. This robust and stable sensor design offers improved performance for ultrasensitive applications.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Fiber Optics
    • Interferometry

    Background:

    • Fiber-optic sensors offer advantages in harsh environments.
    • Fabry-Perot interferometers (FPIs) are widely used for sensing.
    • Enhancing sensitivity in strain measurement remains a key challenge.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To propose and demonstrate a novel parallel structured fiber-optic FPI for ultrasensitive strain measurement.
    • To investigate the Vernier effect for enhanced sensing performance.
    • To achieve a sensitivity significantly higher than conventional FPI sensors.

    Main Methods:

    • Theoretical proposal of a parallel FPI structure.
    • Experimental implementation using an open-cavity for sensing and a closed-cavity for reference.
    • Utilizing a 3 dB coupler to connect the two FPIs in parallel.
    • Characterization of strain sensitivity through experimental testing.

    Main Results:

    • Demonstration of a parallel structured fiber-optic FPI sensor.
    • Achieved an ultra-high strain sensitivity of -43.2 pm/με.
    • Sensitivity was 4.6 times higher compared to a single open-cavity FPI.
    • The sensor exhibited simplicity in fabrication, structural robustness, and measurement stability.

    Conclusions:

    • The proposed parallel structured fiber-optic FPI effectively enhances strain measurement sensitivity.
    • The Vernier-effect-based parallel structure provides a significant performance improvement.
    • This sensor design is robust, stable, and suitable for practical applications.
    • The scheme offers potential for high-sensitivity sensing in other fields.