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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Studying Organelle Dynamics in B Cells During Immune Synapse Formation
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Actomyosin-driven force patterning controls endocytosis at the immune synapse.

Anita Kumari1,2, Judith Pineau1,2, Pablo J Sáez1

  • 1Institut Curie, PSL Research University, INSERM U932, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris, Cedex 05, France.

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|June 30, 2019
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Summary

Mechanical forces at the immune synapse are patterned, with peripheral forces and central actin protrusions driving antigen uptake. This actomyosin cytoskeleton organization controls immune cell communication and endocytosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Immunology
  • Biophysics

Background:

  • Direct cell-to-cell contact is crucial for immune responses, exemplified by the immune synapse.
  • Mechanical forces are known to influence immune synapse function, but their organization and impact remain unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the spatial and temporal organization of mechanical forces at the immune synapse.
  • To determine how these forces impact synapse function, particularly antigen uptake and endocytosis.

Main Methods:

  • Live-cell imaging of the immune synapse.
  • Fluorescence microscopy to visualize F-actin and myosin II dynamics.
  • Force microscopy techniques to map mechanical forces.

Main Results:

  • Spatially patterned mechanical forces were identified: peripheral pulsatile myosin II-driven tangential forces and central localized forces from F-actin protrusions.
  • These force-producing actin protrusions are the primary sites for antigen extraction and endocytosis.
  • Myosin II contractility is essential for the formation of these force-generating actin protrusions.

Conclusions:

  • The actomyosin cytoskeleton organizes mechanical forces at the immune synapse.
  • The interplay between global and local forces dictates the control of endocytosis at the immune synapse.
  • Understanding force dynamics is key to deciphering immune synapse function.