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Direct Imaging of Laser-driven Ultrafast Molecular Rotation
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A benchtop shock physics laboratory: Ultrafast laser driven shock spectroscopy and interferometry methods.

M S Powell1, P R Bowlan2, S F Son1

  • 1Maurice J. Zucrow Laboratory, Mechanical Engineering Department, Purdue University, 500 Allison Rd., West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, USA.

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|July 1, 2019
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Summary

Researchers adapted laser systems to generate shock waves and probe ultrafast shock dynamics. This method allows detailed study of material responses under extreme conditions with high temporal and spatial resolution.

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Area of Science:

  • Physics
  • Materials Science
  • Physical Chemistry

Background:

  • Ultrafast shock dynamics are crucial for understanding material behavior under extreme conditions.
  • Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplified laser systems offer potential for generating and probing shock waves.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To detail experimental considerations for optimizing shock generation and probing techniques.
  • To integrate interferometric characterization and spectroscopic probing for comprehensive shock dynamics analysis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilizing Ti:sapphire chirped pulse amplified laser systems for shock wave generation.
  • Employing multi-polarization, multi-angle interferometry with thin film equations for shock characterization.
  • Implementing visible and mid-infrared transient absorption spectroscopy for time-resolved analysis of shock-induced changes.

Main Results:

  • Achieved shock stresses from 5 to >70 GPa in organic materials and metals.
  • Obtained spatial resolution of a few micrometers and temporal resolution of a few picoseconds.
  • Successfully determined shock velocity, particle velocity, and shocked refractive index.

Conclusions:

  • The described experimental setup enables versatile and high-resolution studies of shock dynamics.
  • The methodology is adaptable for various materials, including organics and metals.
  • The technique is replicable in standard ultrafast laser laboratories.