Passive broadband source localization based on a Riemannian distance with a short vertical array in the deep ocean

Area of Science:

• Ocean acoustics
• Signal processing
• Geophysics

Background:

• Accurate source localization in the deep ocean is crucial for various applications.
• Passive methods are desirable to avoid active signal emissions.
• Traditional methods face challenges with unknown source spectra and environmental variability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To propose a novel passive broadband source localization approach for deep ocean environments.
• To enhance localization performance by suppressing sidelobes and improving accuracy.
• To analyze the influence of array parameters and bandwidth on localization.

Main Methods:

• Coherent matched-field processing combined with Riemannian distance.
• Utilizing spatial coherence between hydrophones across a frequency bandwidth.
• Employing three distinct Riemannian distances for data-replica matrix similarity measurement.

Main Results:

• The proposed method effectively suppresses sidelobes.
• Improved source localization performance was achieved, even with a short hydrophone array.
• Demonstrated the impact of array aperture, hydrophone count, and bandwidth on localization accuracy.

Conclusions:

• The developed passive broadband source localization technique offers a robust solution for deep ocean scenarios.
• The method shows significant advantages in sidelobe suppression and localization accuracy.
• The findings provide valuable insights for designing and optimizing acoustic sensing systems.