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Romanian Laypeople's and Health Professionals' Views Regarding Living Organ Donation
Daniela Iulia Teodorescu1, Maria Teresa Muñoz Sastre1, Lonzozou Kpanake2
1Department of Psychology, Jean-Jaurès University, Toulouse, France.
Background:
Romanian laypeople's and health professionals' views on living organ donation were examined.
Methods:
From July 2015 to May 2016, 263 adults (among them 31 physicians and 20 nurses) judged the acceptability of living organ donation in 42 realistic scenarios composed of varying levels of 6 factors: 1. type of organ, 2. whether it could have been obtained from a cadaver, 3. donor-recipient relationship, 4. donor's level of autonomy, 5. financial compensation, and 6. patients' level of responsibility for their illness. In all scenarios, the patients were in need of either a kidney or liver transplantation.
Results:
The ratings were subjected to cluster analysis and analyses of variance. Seven qualitatively different positions were found that were termed never acceptable (12%), free market (44%), compensation (12%), altruism (6%), always acceptable (16%), responsibility (4%), and undetermined (6%). Physicians were more frequently in the free market or in the compensation clusters (81%) than laypeople (51%).
Conclusion:
Only a few participants held the altruism model, even though this model has been promoted as the normative model by the World Health Organization and by most national legislations, including the legislation in Romania. Instead, the free market position and its variant-the compensation position-can be considered the majority positions (66%) in Romania.