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Related Concept Videos

MicroRNAs01:22

MicroRNAs

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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns—non-coding regions of a gene—or intergenic regions—stretches of DNA present between genes. Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After...
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MicroRNA (miRNA) are short, regulatory RNA transcribed from introns (non-coding regions of a gene) or intergenic regions (stretches of DNA present between genes). Several processing steps are required to form biologically active, mature miRNA. The initial transcript, called primary miRNA (pri-mRNA), base-pairs with itself, forming a stem-loop structure. Within the nucleus, an endonuclease enzyme, called Drosha, shortens the stem-loop structure into hairpin-shaped pre-miRNA. After the pre-miRNA...
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The air in the lungs is measured in volumes and capacities. Lung volume measures reflect the amount of air taken in, released, or left over after a lung function, like a single inhalation. Lung capacity measures are sums of two or more lung volume measures.
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The lungs are nestled in a cavity, shielded by the pleura. The pleura, a form of serous membrane, wraps around each lung. This membrane arrangement consists of two layers: the visceral and parietal pleurae. The visceral pleura lines the surface of the lungIn contrast, the parietal pleura is the outer layer and contacts to the thoracic wall, the mediastinum, and the diaphragm. The hilum is the point of connection between the visceral and parietal layers. The space between the parietal and...
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Introduction
Inflammatory bowel disease, commonly known as IBD, refers to a collection of disorders that lead to persistent inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract. The two types of IBD are ulcerative colitis, which impacts the colon, and Crohn's disease, which can involve any part of the gastrointestinal segment.
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The lungs are a pair of vital organs connected to the trachea via the left and right bronchi. The base of these organs meets the dome-shaped muscle known as the diaphragm. Encased by the pleurae, the lungs contact the mediastinum. The right lung is shorter yet wider, and has a larger volume than the left lung. The left lung has an indentation known as the cardiac notch. The superior region of the lungs is referred to as the apex, whereas the base is the lower region near the diaphragm. The...
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Lung microRNA Profiling Across the Estrous Cycle in Ozone-exposed Mice
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MicroRNAs in Lung Diseases.

Gabriela Hoefel1, Hock Tay1, Paul Foster1

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MicroRNAs (miRs) are key regulators of lung inflammation. Targeting miRs offers potential therapeutic strategies for chronic respiratory diseases, though challenges remain.

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Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Medicine
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Chronic inflammatory lung diseases pose significant health risks.
  • MicroRNAs (miRs) regulate cellular functions, including immune responses crucial in respiratory diseases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the role of miRs in the pathogenesis of chronic lung diseases.
  • To explore the therapeutic potential of targeting miRs in these conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies on miRs in lung inflammation.
  • Analysis of experimental evidence for miR-based therapies.

Main Results:

  • miRs are critical regulators of pathogenic features in various chronic lung diseases.
  • Pharmacologic inhibition or mimic delivery of miRs shows therapeutic promise.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting miRs presents a potential therapeutic avenue for chronic inflammatory lung diseases.
  • The utility and limitations of miR-based therapies require further investigation.