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Related Concept Videos

Epigenetic Regulation01:46

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Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Epigenetic Regulation01:37

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Epigenetic changes alter the physical structure of the DNA without changing the genetic sequence and often regulate whether genes are turned on or off. This regulation ensures that each cell produces only proteins necessary for its function. For example, proteins that promote bone growth are not produced in muscle cells. Epigenetic mechanisms play an essential role in healthy development. Conversely, precisely regulated epigenetic mechanisms are disrupted in diseases like cancer.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

An Engineered Split-TET2 Enzyme for Chemical-inducible DNA Hydroxymethylation and Epigenetic Remodeling
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Epigenetics and addiction.

Peter J Hamilton1, Eric J Nestler1

  • 1Nash Family Department of Neuroscience, The Friedman Brain Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, United States.

Current Opinion in Neurobiology
|July 1, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Drug addiction causes epigenetic changes in brain reward circuits. Understanding these neuroepigenetic alterations, particularly histone modifications, is key to developing effective addiction therapies.

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Epigenetics
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Addiction involves lasting changes in brain reward circuitry due to repeated drug exposure.
  • These changes are mediated by epigenetic adaptations at the cellular level.
  • Current understanding of causal epigenetic mechanisms in addiction is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review evidence linking epigenetic modifications, specifically histone modifications, in brain reward regions to addiction.
  • To discuss locus-specific neuroepigenetic editing as a method to determine causal epigenetic mechanisms in addiction.
  • To highlight the potential of these approaches for developing novel anti-addiction therapies.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing scientific literature on epigenetics and drug addiction.
  • Focus on histone modifications within key brain reward areas.
  • Discussion of locus-specific neuroepigenetic editing techniques.

Main Results:

  • Evidence supports a correlation between epigenetic modifications (histone modifications) in reward circuitry and addiction.
  • Neuroepigenetic editing offers a promising avenue for establishing causal links.
  • Identifying specific epigenetic drivers can illuminate addiction's biological basis.

Conclusions:

  • Epigenetic alterations, especially histone modifications, are implicated in the neurobiology of addiction.
  • Locus-specific neuroepigenetic editing is a powerful tool for dissecting causal mechanisms.
  • Targeting these epigenetic changes holds potential for future addiction treatments.