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Related Experiment Video

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Optic Nerve Sheath Point of Care Ultrasound: Image Acquisition
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Increased Intracranial Pressure Damages Optic Nerve Structural Support.

Lauren East1, Matthew Lyon2,3, Parth Agrawal1

  • 1Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, Georgia.

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Elevated intracranial pressure (ICP) increases porosity in optic nerve sheath (ONS) trabecular fibers immediately and 30 days later. This structural change in ONS fibers suggests a link between ICP and ONS tissue.

Keywords:
intracranial pressureneuroanatomyocular sheath fiberstraumatic brain injuryultrasound

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) is a clinical indicator for elevated intracranial pressure (ICP).
  • The structural integrity of the optic nerve sheath (ONS) under increased ICP is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the immediate impact of ICP-induced ONS dilation on trabecular fibers.
  • To assess changes in these fibers 30 days after ICP elevation.

Main Methods:

  • A swine model was used to induce elevated ICP via epidural balloon inflation.
  • Scanning electron microscopy analyzed ONS porosity in control and experimental groups (immediate and 30-day delayed measurement).

Main Results:

  • Experimental groups showed significantly higher ONS porosity compared to controls (IM p=0.0018; DM p=0.0092).
  • No significant difference in porosity was found between immediate and 30-day delayed measurements (p=0.9485).
  • Increased ICP leads to more porous ONS trabecular fibers.

Conclusions:

  • Elevated ICP causes immediate and persistent structural changes (increased porosity) in ONS trabecular fibers.
  • These findings suggest a direct link between ICP and ONS tissue remodeling.