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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Double Direct Injection of Blood into the Cisterna Magna as a Model of Subarachnoid Hemorrhage
Published on: August 30, 2020
In Patients with Unexplained Non-Epidemic Recurrent Meningitis a Direct Communication between the Subarachnoid Space
Badr E Mostafa1, Lobna M Elfiky1
1Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Ain-Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Abstract:
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) rhinorrhea is not an uncommon condition, and it may lead to recurrent attacks of meningitis. The detection of the leakage site is an essential part of the investigations performed for the patient. In some cases, an anterior skull base site cannot be detected despite continuous leakage. In these cases, a more distal site must be sought. Furthermore, in some cases, the leakage occurs in the temporal bone. In such patients, a history of hearing loss or previous ear complaints indicates a hidden CSF otorhinorrhea. We present two adult cases of congenital hearing loss due to unilateral inner ear anomalies who presented later in life with repeated meningitis attacks and CSF otorhinorrhea.
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