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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
Published on: November 4, 2015
Optimal Technique for Performing Invasive Pulmonary Angiography for Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Disease
Lawrence Ang, Anna McDivit Mizzell, Lori B Daniels
1University of California San Diego, Sulpizio Cardiovascular Center, 9434 Medical Center Drive, La Jolla, CA 92037 USA. emahmud@ucsd.edu.
Abstract:
High-quality invasive pulmonary angiography is invaluable for the evaluation of chronic pulmonary thromboembolic disease. Optimization of multiple technical factors enables optimal angiography, crucial for identifying both high-grade pulmonary thromboembolic disease warranting surgical resection, and surgically inaccessible disease for interventional and/or targeted medical therapy. Appropriate strategies to address the pitfalls encountered during angiography are highlighted. This manuscript provides detailed guidance in performing hemodynamic assessment and invasive pulmonary angiography for the evaluation of chronic thromboembolic pulmonary disease.
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