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Effect of Short-Term Morbidities, Risk Factors and Rate of Growth Failure in Very Low Birth Weight Preterms at

Hacer Yapicioglu Yildizdas1, Huseyin Simsek1, Umit Ece2

  • 1Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Cukurova University, 01330 Adana, Turkey.

Journal of Tropical Pediatrics
|July 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Postnatal growth failure (PGF) affects nearly all very low birth weight (VLBW) infants, with most experiencing severe PGF. Close monitoring of VLBW infants is crucial to address this significant issue.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Growth and Development
  • Clinical Nutrition

Background:

  • Very low birth weight (VLBW) infants frequently experience postnatal growth failure (PGF).
  • Understanding the incidence and risk factors for PGF is critical for improving outcomes in these vulnerable infants.
  • Prolonged hospitalization (>28 days) is common in surviving VLBW infants.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence of PGF in hospitalized VLBW infants.
  • To identify risk factors associated with PGF and severe PGF in this population.
  • To inform clinical practice regarding the management of VLBW infants.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Fenton growth charts (2013) to calculate Z-scores for birth weight (BW) and discharge weight.
  • Defined PGF as a Z-score decrease >1 and severe PGF as a Z-score decrease >2 at discharge.
  • Analyzed differences in clinical factors between infants with and without PGF.

Main Results:

  • A high incidence of PGF (95.3%) and severe PGF (62.4%) was observed in 148 surviving VLBW infants.
  • Significant differences were found in gestational age, BW, discharge weight, time to regain BW, feeding milestones, parenteral nutrition duration, and hospitalization length.
  • Severe PGF was associated with higher rates of vasopressor treatment, nosocomial infection, patent ductus arteriosus, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia.

Conclusions:

  • Postnatal growth failure remains a significant clinical problem in VLBW infants.
  • Continuous monitoring for PGF in all VLBW preterm infants is recommended.
  • Identifying risk factors can guide targeted interventions to mitigate PGF.
Abstract

Keywords:
morbiditiespostnatal growth retardationvery low birth weight infants

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