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Anomaly-free models for flavour anomalies.

John Ellis1,2, Malcolm Fairbairn1, Patrick Tunney1

  • 11Theoretical Particle Physics and Cosmology Group, Physics Department, King's College London, London, WC2R 2LS UK.

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|July 2, 2019
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This summary is machine-generated.

Triangle anomaly cancellation constrains models with an extra U(1) gauge boson (Z prime) explaining flavor anomalies. Models with specific quark charges and dark matter fermions are explored, potentially weakening LHC constraints.

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Area of Science:

  • Particle Physics
  • Beyond Standard Model Physics
  • Anomalies in Physics

Background:

  • Experimental flavor anomalies reported by LHCb and other experiments suggest new physics beyond the Standard Model.
  • An extra U(1) gauge boson, referred to as a Z prime boson, is a proposed explanation for these flavor anomalies.
  • Triangle anomalies are a critical theoretical constraint in quantum field theories, including those with extended gauge sectors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the constraints imposed by the cancellation of triangle anomalies on models featuring an extra U(1) gauge boson (Z prime).
  • To explore scenarios where flavor anomalies are explained by a Z prime boson, considering specific charge assignments for quarks and dark matter fermions.
  • To analyze how different model configurations, including the presence of exotic fermions or vector-like leptons, affect anomaly cancellation and experimental constraints.

Main Methods:

  • Assumed universal and rational U(1) charges for the first two generations of left-handed quarks and right-handed up-type quarks.
  • Allowed for different U(1) charges for third-generation quarks and considered scenarios with vanishing right-handed charges.
  • Investigated anomaly cancellation conditions with varying numbers of Standard Model singlet dark matter (DM) fermions and the inclusion of vector-like leptons.

Main Results:

  • If right-handed quark charges vanish, anomaly cancellation necessitates vanishing quark U(1) charges unless exotic fermions or specific dark matter fermion configurations exist.
  • Non-trivial anomaly-free models are found with multiple dark matter fermions or a single dark matter fermion if right-handed up-type quarks have non-zero U(1) charges.
  • Certain models weaken LHC constraints by having vanishing U(1) couplings for first/second-generation quarks or purely axial DM couplings, and others weaken direct DM scattering constraints.

Conclusions:

  • The cancellation of triangle anomalies significantly constrains models attempting to explain flavor anomalies with an extra U(1) gauge boson.
  • Specific choices of U(1) charges for quarks and the inclusion of dark matter fermions or vector-like leptons can lead to viable anomaly-free models.
  • These findings highlight pathways to potentially evade or weaken current experimental constraints from the LHC and direct dark matter detection experiments.