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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Generation and Expansion of Primary, Malignant Pleural Mesothelioma Tumor Lines
Published on: April 21, 2022
Unsuspected primary malignancy in the setting of elevated serum alpha-fetoprotein
Naveed Sarmast1, Avery Smith1, Joseph Guileyardo2
1Department of Internal Medicine, Baylor University Medical CenterDallasTexas.
Abstract:
Hepatocellular carcinoma is the most common solid liver cancer and is screened for with serum alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) in patients with chronic hepatitis or cirrhosis. However, other tumors can produce AFP, and one of these is the "hepatoid" adenocarcinoma, arising in extrahepatic sites. We present a patient with chronic hepatitis C, multiple liver tumors, and a marked elevation in AFP who was mistakenly thought to have hepatocellular carcinoma, but primary hepatoid adenocarcinoma arising at the gastroesophageal junction was discovered at autopsy.
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