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Ametropia in children with headache.

Mohammad Asim Mehboob1, Haider Nisar2, Memoona Khan3

  • 1Dr. Mohammad Asim Mehboob, FCPS(Ophth), FICO, FRCS, MRCSEd, Combined Military Hospital, Gujranwala, Pakistan.

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences
|July 2, 2019
PubMed
Summary

A significant number of children experiencing persistent headaches have uncorrected refractive errors like myopia and astigmatism. Ophthalmic evaluation is crucial for diagnosing these vision problems in children with unexplained headaches.

Keywords:
AmetropiaHeadacheRefractive error

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Pediatrics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Persistent headaches in children can be a symptom of underlying ophthalmic conditions.
  • Refractive errors, such as myopia, astigmatism, and hypermetropia, are common vision impairments.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the frequency of uncorrected refractive errors in children presenting with persistent headaches.
  • To highlight the importance of ophthalmic assessment in pediatric headache evaluations.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional study involving 262 children aged 5-16 years with 2-8 weeks of persistent headache.
  • Comprehensive ophthalmic examinations, including cycloplegic refraction and post-mydriatic testing, were performed.
  • Children diagnosed with ametropia were prescribed corrective lenses.

Main Results:

  • Ametropia was identified in 21.4% of the children evaluated.
  • Myopia (35.7%), astigmatism (42.8%), and hypermetropia (21.5%) were the common refractive errors found.
  • No significant differences were observed in gender, age, or headache duration between ametropic and non-ametropic children.

Conclusions:

  • A substantial proportion of pediatric headaches are associated with uncorrected refractive errors.
  • Ophthalmic evaluation should be a standard part of the diagnostic workup for children with unexplained headaches.