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Revisiting Trade-offs between Rubisco Kinetic Parameters.

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|July 2, 2019
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Rubisco evolution is highly constrained, with limited variation in kinetic parameters like maximum carboxylation rate (k_cat,C) and CO2 specificity (S_C/O). This suggests physicochemical limits on CO2/O2 discrimination govern Rubisco

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Area of Science:

  • Biochemistry
  • Enzymology
  • Plant Physiology

Background:

  • Rubisco is a key enzyme in photosynthesis, crucial for carbon fixation.
  • Previous studies suggested trade-offs between Rubisco's CO2 specificity (S_C/O) and carboxylation rate (k_cat,C).
  • These assumptions were based on limited data from a small number of organisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To re-examine trade-off models in Rubisco catalysis using a larger dataset.
  • To investigate the variation in Rubisco kinetic parameters across a wider range of organisms.
  • To understand the evolutionary constraints on Rubisco function.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of Rubisco kinetic parameters from approximately 300 organisms.
  • Statistical examination of correlations between parameters such as k_cat,C and S_C/O.
  • Comparison of parameter variation across different Rubisco forms and plant types.

Main Results:

  • Correlations between Rubisco kinetic parameters are weaker in a larger dataset.
  • Rubisco kinetic parameters show very limited variation; >95% of k_cat,C values are between 1-10 s^-1.
  • S_C/O varies by only 30% (Form I) or <10% (C3 plants), forcing a positive correlation between carboxylation and oxygenation catalytic efficiencies.

Conclusions:

  • Rubisco evolution appears tightly constrained by physicochemical limits of CO2/O2 discrimination.
  • The inverse relationship between k_cat,C and S_C/O is less pronounced than previously thought.
  • Limited variation in S_C/O suggests a fundamental mechanism in Rubisco catalysis impacting its efficiency.