Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Spatio-Temporal In Vivo Imaging of Ocular Drug Delivery Systems using Fiberoptic Confocal Laser Microendoscopy
Published on: September 27, 2021
ISOPT Clinical Hot Topic Panel Discussion on Ocular Drug Delivery
Uday B Kompella1,2,3,4, Abraham Domb5, Arto Urtti6,7,8
1Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.
Abstract:
Ocular drug delivery offers unique challenges and opportunities in the era of novel therapeutic agents ranging from small molecules to gene therapies. Noninvasive delivery of drugs into the back of the eye or any part of the eye is extremely limited by short precorneal residence time and formidable biological barriers. The eye is a sensitive, sensory organ that requires a high level of material and procedural safety, while achieving therapeutic efficacy. Some recent advances and unmet needs for ocular drug delivery and disposition are discussed in this article. Specifically, nanomedicines, physical and chemical means to enhance delivery, stimuli-responsive delivery systems, the role of vitreal binding on ocular pharmacokinetics, and the influence of aging eye on drug delivery, and the associated unmet needs are highlighted. Additionally, the unmet needs in the medication management for the elderly patients with eye diseases are discussed.
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