Dynamic Analysis to Enhance the Performance of a Rotating-Disk-Based Triboelectric Nanogenerator by Injected Gas

A rotating-disk-based triboelectric nanogenerator (TENG) generating electrical energy from wind usually includes a propeller. TENGs are widely used because their high frequency of rotation allows them to generate a relatively high output current. Deep analysis of the gas flow in a TENG is essential to improve its energy conversion efficiency. However, previous studies have isolated the propeller and the TENG as separate entities that harvest wind energy and generate electrical energy, respectively. Most studies focused on each entity because considering both the dynamics and the TENG operation together is an intricate process. This paper introduces a dynamic analysis of the gas flow by dividing it into four vertical and horizontal directions and carrying out a COMSOL simulation to verify the pressure on the propeller and the flow of the gas. The electrical outputs are measured while varying the height and angle of the inlet and the number of wings on the propeller. After optimization, the P-TENG generated a high output power density of 283.95 mW/m², which can light up 205 light-emitting diodes and drive a commercial small electronic appliance. In addition, optimizing the P-TENG through a variety of analyses allowed it to provide sustainable power to a self-powered wireless sensor system.