Shear stress and aneurysms: a review

Area of Science:

• Cardiovascular biology
• Biomechanics
• Vascular cell biology

Background:

• Wall shear stress (WSS) is the frictional force of blood flow on artery walls.
• Studies indicate WSS plays a role in aneurysm formation and rupture.
• Understanding WSS mechanisms is crucial for cardiovascular research.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review how WSS influences aneurysm growth and rupture.
• To examine WSS effects on endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and adventitia.
• To discuss WSS-induced pathways in vascular remodeling.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of studies on WSS and aneurysms.
• Analysis of cellular and molecular mechanisms.
• Synthesis of findings on WSS-mediated pathways.

Main Results:

• WSS affects endothelial cell function and integrity.
• Smooth muscle cell behavior and extracellular matrix production are modulated by WSS.
• Adventitial cells and matrix remodeling are influenced by WSS.
• Specific signaling pathways activated by WSS are identified.

Conclusions:

• WSS is a critical factor in aneurysm pathogenesis.
• Cellular responses to WSS contribute to vessel wall weakening.
• Targeting WSS-related pathways may offer therapeutic strategies for aneurysms.