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Current and future role of lipoprotein(a) in preventive cardiology

Adam N Berman1,2, Ron Blankstein1,2

  • 1Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine.

Current Opinion in Cardiology
|July 2, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] significantly increases cardiovascular risk due to its genetic basis. Emerging therapies targeting Lp(a) show promise for preventing atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).

Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Medicine
  • Genetics
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Elevated lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a significant, genetically determined risk factor for atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD), coronary heart disease, calcific aortic valve stenosis, and ischemic stroke.
  • Lp(a) contributes to residual cardiovascular risk even when other risk factors are controlled.
  • The unique structure of Lp(a), involving apolipoprotein(a), influences its pathogenicity and measurement challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current understanding of lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD).
  • To explore the structure-function relationship of Lp(a).
  • To highlight promising therapeutic developments targeting Lp(a).

Main Methods:

  • This is a review article, synthesizing existing research and clinical findings.
  • Focuses on the genetic basis and pathogenic mechanisms of Lp(a).
  • Examines the current and emerging therapeutic landscape for Lp(a)-associated risk.

Main Results:

  • High Lp(a) levels are strongly and independently linked to increased ASCVD risk.
  • Genetic factors predominantly determine Lp(a) levels.
  • Emerging therapies targeting apolipoprotein(a) demonstrate potential for Lp(a) management.

Conclusions:

  • Lipoprotein(a) [Lp(a)] is a critical factor in atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) risk.
  • Targeted therapies for Lp(a) offer a new avenue for cardiovascular disease prevention.
  • Further research and clinical application of these therapies are anticipated.
Abstract

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