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Related Experiment Videos

From 'Targeted Therapy' to Targeted Therapy.

Godefridus J Peters1

  • 1Laboratory of Medical Oncology, Amsterdam UMC, VUMC, Amsterdam, the Netherlands gj.peters@amsterdamumc.nl.

Anticancer Research
|July 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
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Targeted therapy, initially associated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), has a longer history including cancer metabolism and hormone therapies. Modern TKIs are becoming more specific, improving cancer treatment efficacy.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Pharmacology
  • Cancer Therapeutics

Background:

  • The term 'targeted therapy' gained prominence in the early 2000s, often equated with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs).
  • However, the concept of targeted therapy predates TKIs, encompassing strategies like targeting tumor metabolism (e.g., methotrexate, 5-fluorouracil) and hormone therapy.
  • Imatinib's success against BCR-ABL in chronic myeloid leukemia marked a significant advancement in TKI development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development and evolution of targeted anticancer agents.
  • To differentiate between broadly acting TKIs and more specific, truly targeted therapies.
  • To highlight advancements in targeted therapies, including newer TKIs.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical literature and clinical applications of targeted therapies.
Keywords:
EGFRTargeted therapyc-METgemcitabinemagic bulletmethotrexatereviewthymidylate synthase

Related Experiment Videos

  • Analysis of the specificity and targets of various tyrosine kinase inhibitors.
  • Discussion of key examples like imatinib, ALK-EML4 inhibitors, and osimertinib.

    • Main Results:

    • Targeted therapy encompasses a broader range of treatments than initially recognized in the early 2000s.
    • Many early TKIs were not truly targeted due to multiple off-target effects.
    • Recent advancements have led to the development of highly specific TKIs targeting specific mutations (e.g., ALK-EML4, EGFR T790M).

    Conclusions:

    • The definition and application of targeted therapy have evolved significantly over time.
    • Increasing specificity in drug development, particularly with TKIs, represents a major step forward in cancer treatment.
    • Future directions in targeted therapy focus on precision medicine approaches for improved patient outcomes.