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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
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Complex atrial septal defect closure in children

Hyam Mahmoud1, Alin Marcel Nicolescu, Cristina Filip

  • 1Department of Pediatric Cardiology, "Maria Skłodowska Curie" Emergency Children's Hospital, Bucharest, Romania; elizacinteza@yahoo.com.

Romanian Journal of Morphology and Embryology = Revue Roumaine De Morphologie Et Embryologie
|July 3, 2019
PubMed

Insights

Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a common congenital heart disease in children. Surgical or interventional closure is indicated based on defect size and impact, with surgery recommended for complex cases.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Pediatric Cardiology
  • Congenital Heart Disease

Background:

  • Atrial septal defect (ASD) is a frequent congenital heart disease (CHD) in children.
  • Symptoms like palpitations and dyspnea can indicate complex structural heart issues.
  • Diagnosis typically involves echocardiography, with CT or MRI for complex cases.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review diagnostic and closure methods for atrial septal defects in children.
  • To compare surgical and interventional closure techniques.
  • To discuss challenges and complications associated with ASD closure.

Main Methods:

  • Review of diagnostic modalities including echocardiography, CT, and MRI.
  • Comparison of surgical and transcatheter closure indications and techniques.
  • Analysis of factors influencing closure method choice and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Surgical closure is applicable to all ASD types; transcatheter closure is limited to ostium secundum ASD.
  • Anatomical considerations are crucial for interventional closure success.
  • Complex pediatric ASD cases often necessitate surgical intervention.
  • Device oversizing may address large ASDs, but interventional closure in small children with complex anatomy is challenging.

Conclusions:

  • Both surgical and interventional ASD closure methods have distinct complication profiles.
  • Surgical closure remains the preferred method for complex pediatric ASDs.
  • Careful patient selection and anatomical assessment are vital for successful ASD closure.

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