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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

A Customizable Approach for the Enzymatic Production and Purification of Diterpenoid Natural Products
Published on: October 4, 2019
Cuceolatins A-D: New Bioactive Diterpenoids from the Leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata
Jin-Hai Yu1, Zhi-Pu Yu1,2, Dong-Xiang Wu1
1School of Biological Science and Technology, University of Jinan, Jinan, 250022, P. R. China.
Abstract:
Four new diterpenoids named cuceolatins A-D, including three labdane-type (1-3) and one abietane-type (4) as well as three known labdane analogs (5-7), were reported from the leaves of Cunninghamia lanceolata. Structural assignments for these compounds were conducted by analyses of spectroscopic data, and their absolute configurations were determined by time-dependent density functional theory (TD-DFT) based electronic circular dichroism (ECD) calculations. Among them, the abietane-type diterpenoid (11-hydroxy-12-methoxyabieta-8,11,13-trien-3-one (4)) showed significant cytotoxicity against human MDA-MB-231, MCF-7, and HeLa tumor cell lines with IC50 measurements of 4.3, 2.8 and 4.5 μm, respectively, while the labdane-type diterpenoids with a 4α-carboxy group (1-3 and 5) exhibited moderate antibacterial activity towards Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureus with IC50 values all below 25 μm.
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Leaving Groups
In general, in a nucleophilic substitution reaction, a nucleophile displaces a functional group, called the leaving group, from the substrate to give a substituted product. A leaving group departs the substrate molecule through heterolytic cleavage, taking the pair of electrons with it to become a relatively stable weak base in the form of an anion or a neutral molecule.
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