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Quality indicators and community pharmacy services: a scoping review.
Nour Alhusein1, Margaret C Watson2
1Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, UK.
The International Journal of Pharmacy Practice
|July 3, 2019
Summary
Quality indicators are increasingly used in community pharmacy practice. However, current evidence shows a lack of measurable process and outcome indicators to effectively improve pharmacy quality.
Area of Science:
- Pharmacy Practice Research
- Health Services Research
Background:
- Quality indicators (QIs) are established healthcare improvement tools.
- There is increasing interest in applying QIs to community pharmacy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To scope the use of quality indicators in community pharmacy.
- To review methods for developing and evaluating these indicators.
Main Methods:
- Scoping review of EMBASE and PubMed (2008-2018).
- Included studies reporting empirical data on QI development or evaluation.
- No language or country restrictions; all study designs eligible.
Main Results:
- 15 articles from 12 countries were included.
- 11 studies focused on QI development; 8 evaluated psychometric properties.
- 4 studies examined QI impact, reporting improvements mainly in structure, not process or outcome.
Conclusions:
- Evidence on the impact of QIs on improving community pharmacy quality is limited.
- Need for measurable process and outcome indicators.
- Future QI development should involve multiple stakeholders.
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