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A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

A Standardized Method for Measuring Internal Lung Surface Area via Mouse Pneumonectomy and Prosthesis Implantation
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Inflatable penile prosthesis implantation into scarred corporal bodies: timing may decrease postoperative problems.

Kristi L Hebert1, Faysal A Yafi2, Steve Wilson3

  • 1Georgia Urology, Atlanta, GA, USA.

BJU International
|July 3, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Performing inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) re-implantation within 4 months of a fibrosis-inducing event is linked to fewer postoperative complications. Early re-implantation of IPP offers better outcomes for patients.

Keywords:
#Andrologycorporal fibrosiserosionperforationpriapismprosthesis

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Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Surgical Innovation
  • Medical Device Re-implantation

Background:

  • Fibrosis of corporal bodies can complicate penile prosthesis re-implantation.
  • Timing of re-implantation after a fibrosis-inducing event may influence outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare intra- and postoperative complication rates for early (<4 months) versus delayed (>4 months) inflatable penile prosthesis (IPP) re-implantation.
  • To evaluate the impact of surgical timing on IPP re-implantation outcomes following fibrosis.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 72 IPP re-implantation cases over 15 years (2001-2016).
  • Data collected by a single, high-volume surgeon, including time to operation, intraoperative, and postoperative complications (up to 1 year).

Main Results:

  • Intraoperative complication rates were similar: 53% in early (<4 months) vs. 55% in delayed (>4 months) groups.
  • Postoperative complications were significantly lower in the early group (13%) compared to the delayed group (33%).

Conclusions:

  • Re-implantation of IPP into fibrotic corporal bodies is associated with fewer serious postoperative complications when performed within 4 months of the inciting event.
  • Early surgical intervention is recommended to minimize postoperative complications in IPP re-implantation cases involving corporal fibrosis.