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Acute non-A, non-B hepatitis in Kuwait.

S Al-Kandari1, E Nordenfelt, B Al-Nakib

  • 1Infectious Disease Hospital, Kuwait.

Scandinavian Journal of Infectious Diseases
|January 1, 1987
PubMed
Summary

Hepatitis A virus (HAV) caused most acute viral hepatitis cases in Kuwait. Non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis disproportionately affected males from the Indian subcontinent, with milder symptoms but risks of chronic or fulminant disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Hepatology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Virology

Background:

  • Acute viral hepatitis is a significant public health concern.
  • Understanding the etiological agents and demographic distribution of hepatitis is crucial for targeted interventions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To prospectively investigate the epidemiology and characteristics of acute viral hepatitis in Kuwait.
  • To identify the causative agents, including hepatitis A virus (HAV), hepatitis B virus (HBV), and non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis.
  • To analyze the clinical presentation and outcomes of different hepatitis types, particularly NANB.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective study conducted in Kuwait from February 1983 to January 1984.
  • Diagnosis of 1781 cases of acute viral hepatitis.

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  • Etiological classification based on viral markers (HAV, HBV, HDV) and clinical presentation for NANB.

    • Main Results:

    • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) was the predominant cause (77.7%), followed by hepatitis B virus (HBV) (11.5%).
    • Non-A, non-B (NANB) hepatitis accounted for 9% of cases, primarily affecting young adult males (3:1 ratio) from the Indian subcontinent.
    • NANB hepatitis presented with less severe clinical and biochemical findings than HBV, similar to HAV, but with a risk of chronic (2.3%) and fulminant hepatitis.

    Conclusions:

    • Hepatitis A is the leading cause of acute viral hepatitis in Kuwait.
    • NANB hepatitis poses a specific risk to male migrants from the Indian subcontinent, necessitating further investigation and targeted public health measures.
    • While generally less severe, NANB hepatitis can lead to serious complications, including chronic liver disease and fulminant hepatic failure.