Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Estimating Sediment Denitrification Rates Using Cores and N2O Microsensors
Published on: December 6, 2018
Long-term impact of sulfate on an autotrophic nitrogen removal system integrated partial nitrification, anammox and
Xiaojing Zhang1, Nan Zhang1, Zhao Chen1
1Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Environmental Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, Department of Material and Chemical Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Abstract:
A nitrogen removal system integrating partial nitrification, anaerobic ammonium oxidation (Anammox) and endogenous denitrification (PAED) was established in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) for treating low nitrogen sewage (approximately 40 mg L-1 ammonia-nitrogen). The impact of sulfate on PAED sludge was investigated in five identical SBRs, fed with different levels of sulfate (0, 50, 100, 200 and 400 mg L-1). Ammonia oxidation was improved by the addition of Results showed that the sulfate addition in low concentration of sulfate (≤50 mg L-1), but was profoundly suppressed by higher levels of sulfate. Sulfate feeding enhanced both total nitrogen removal by Anammox and endogenous denitrification, with the abundance of Candidatus Kuenenia increasing to 4.39% in 400 mg L-1 sulfate from 0.83% in the control reactor, and Denitratisoma increasing to 6.35% from 2.77%. The results proved the feasibility of the PAED system in treating low nitrogen sewage with sulfate, which also enhanced the nitrogen-sulfate interaction.
Related Concept Videos
The Nitrogen Cycle
Sulfate Attack on Concrete
Sulfates from sources like soil, groundwater, or industrial effluents...
Overview of Nitrogen Metabolism
The largest pool of nitrogen available in the terrestrial ecosystem is gaseous nitrogen (N2) from the air, but this...
Inorganic Nitrogen Assimilation
Long-term Depression
Impact of Groups on Groups

