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Asthma in the elderly: an epidemiological survey.

M L Burr, T J Charles, K Roy

    British Medical Journal
    |April 21, 1979
    PubMed
    Summary

    Asthma prevalence in the elderly is 6.5%, with current asthma affecting 2.9% of individuals aged 70+. This study highlights the disease

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    Area of Science:

    • Gerontology
    • Respiratory Medicine
    • Epidemiology

    Background:

    • Asthma diagnosis and management in elderly populations are often complex.
    • Prevalence data for asthma in individuals aged 70 and over are limited.
    • Understanding asthma in older adults is crucial for appropriate healthcare.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To determine the prevalence of current and historical asthma in individuals aged 70 and over.
    • To characterize asthma in this age group through clinical assessments.
    • To explore potential underlying mechanisms of asthma in the elderly.

    Main Methods:

    • A random sample of residents aged 70+ in a South Wales town were invited for screening.
    • Screening included spirometry (pre- and post-salbutamol), skin prick tests, blood counts, and sputum analysis.
    • Individuals with suspected asthma underwent detailed chest clinic examinations.

    Main Results:

    • Out of 418 screened participants (86.2% of eligible), 2.9% had current asthma, and 3.6% had mild asthma or a history of the disease, totaling 6.5% prevalence.
    • A significant proportion of current asthma cases were undiagnosed or unrecognized.
    • Asthma was more prevalent and severe in elderly men compared to women.

    Conclusions:

    • Asthma is a relevant condition in the elderly, with a notable prevalence of current and historical cases.
    • The findings suggest asthma can manifest or resolve at any age, including in older adults.
    • Two distinct pathophysiological processes may underlie asthma in the elderly: one with eosinophilia and another with chronic bronchitis and reversible airflow obstruction.

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