Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 22, 2026
07:35
Selecting Multiple Biomarker Subsets with Similarly Effective Binary Classification Performances
Published on: October 11, 2018
8.0K
Mode of Action Classifications in the EnviroTox Database: Development and Implementation of a Consensus MOA
Aude Kienzler1, Kristin A Connors2, Mark Bonnell3
1European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.
Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry
|July 4, 2019
Summary
This study developed a consensus mode of action (MOA) classification for aquatic ecotoxicology chemicals. The new method integrates multiple frameworks, improving chemical toxicity assessment and risk prioritization.
Area of Science:
- Aquatic ecotoxicology
- Environmental chemistry
- Chemical risk assessment
Background:
- Existing mode of action (MOA) frameworks in aquatic ecotoxicology often lack standardization.
- MOA categories and specificity vary significantly across different classification schemes, primarily based on fish toxicity.
- A unified approach is needed to reconcile these diverse MOA classifications for better chemical assessment.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a consensus MOA assignment for chemicals within the EnviroTox database.
- To integrate and harmonize classifications from four distinct MOA schemes: Verhaar, ATER, T.E.S.T., and OASIS.
- To establish a confidence ranking for the consensus MOA assignments.
Main Methods:
- MOA classifications from four schemes were standardized into three categories: narcosis, specifically acting, or nonclassifiable.
- Consensus rules were created based on the concordance among the four MOA classifications.
- A confidence rank was assigned to each consensus MOA classification.
Main Results:
- 40% of chemicals were classified as narcotics, 17% as specifically acting, and 43% as unclassified.
- 60% of chemicals achieved a medium to high confidence in their consensus MOA assignment.
- Specifically acting chemicals showed higher toxicity in fish and invertebrates, but not algae.
Conclusions:
- The EnviroTox approach establishes a high-level consensus across distinct MOA classification schemes.
- This consensus provides transparency on inter-scheme variations and increases certainty in MOA assignments.
- Reliable MOA understanding aids in prioritizing and assessing risks of aquatic chemicals.
Related Concept Videos
01:30Classification of Neurotransmitters
5.1K
Neurotransmitters play a crucial role in the communication between neurons in the autonomic nervous system. Neurons in the autonomic nervous system can be cholinergic or adrenergic depending on the neurotransmitters synthesized. Cholinergic neurons use acetylcholine as their primary neurotransmitter. This includes all the preganglionic fibers of the sympathetic and pre- and postganglionic fibers of the parasympathetic nervous systems. In addition, neurons of the somatic nervous system also use...
5.1K
01:30Classification of Leukocytes
5.1K
Leukocytes are classified into two groups based on the presence or absence of cytoplasmic granules. Granular leukocytes, which contain granules, belong to the myeloid lineage and are divided into three subtypes: neutrophils, eosinophils, and basophils. These cells are roughly spherical and characterized by the granules in their cytoplasm.
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
Neutrophils are the most abundant type of granular leukocytes, comprising 50-70% of all leukocytes. They feature small, evenly distributed granules and a...
5.1K
01:18Classification of Bones
9.7K
The bones of the human skeletal system are of varied shapes, sizes, and functions. They can be classified based on their shape and function into four major classes: long bones, short bones, flat bones, and irregular bones. Some classifications include a fifth type, the sesamoid bones, as a separate class, whereas others categorize them under short bones.
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
Long and Short Bones
The appendicular skeleton, particularly the upper and lower limbs, is primarily made of long and short bones. The...
9.7K
01:22Force Classification
2.3K
Forces play a crucial role in the study of physics and engineering. They are essential in describing the motion, behavior, and equilibrium of objects in the physical world. Forces can be classified based on their origin, type, and direction of action.
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...
Contact and non-contact forces are two of the most widely used categories of forces. As the name suggests, contact forces require physical contact between two objects to act upon each other. Examples of contact forces include frictional,...
2.3K
01:17Classification of Illness
8.6K
The meaning of illness is individualized to each person who experiences an alteration in health. In contrast, disease is a medical term indicating a pathological change in the structure and function of the body or mind. It is a condition that has specific symptoms and boundaries.
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
An illness is a response to a disease in which the person's level of functioning is changed compared with a previous level. The general classification of illness includes acute and chronic.
Acute illness is severe...
8.6K
01:16Brick Classifications
378
Bricks, a fundamental component of construction, are categorized based on their application and structural characteristics into several types. These include facing bricks, building bricks, hollow bricks, paving bricks, and firebricks. Facing bricks, also referred to as face bricks, are primarily used for both structural support and visual appeal, making their appearance a crucial aspect. In contrast, building bricks are typically used in concealed sections of a structure, such as behind the...
378