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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Systematic Assessment of Mammalian Skull Specimens for Dental and Temporomandibular Joint Pathology
Published on: August 22, 2022
Estrogen signaling impacts temporomandibular joint and periodontal disease pathology
Jennifer L Robinson1,2, Pamela M Johnson3, Karolina Kister4
1Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, University of Kansas, 1530 W. 15th Street, 4132 Learned Hall, Lawrence, KS, 66045, USA. jlrobinson@ku.edu.
Abstract:
Women experience a higher incidence of oral diseases including periodontal diseases and temporomandibular joint disease (TMD) implicating the role of estrogen signaling in disease pathology. Fluctuating levels of estrogen during childbearing age potentiates facial pain, high estrogen levels during pregnancy promote gingivitis, and low levels of estrogen during menopause predisposes the TMJ to degeneration and increases alveolar bone loss. In this review, an overview of estrogen signaling pathways in vitro and in vivo that regulate pregnancy-related gingivitis, TMJ homeostasis, and alveolar bone remodeling is provided. Deciphering the specific estrogen signaling pathways for individual oral diseases is crucial for potential new drug therapies to promote and maintain healthy tissue.
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