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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

The Forced Swim Test as a Model of Depressive-like Behavior
Published on: March 2, 2015
Immunomodulatory T cell death associated gene-8 (TDAG8) receptor in depression-associated behaviors
Katherine M J McMurray1, Lauren Larke Vollmer1, Rebecca Ahlbrand1
1Department of Pharmacology and Systems Physiology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
Abstract:
Converging evidence supports neuroimmune factors in depression psychopathology. We previously reported reduced depression-like behavior in immunomodulatory G-protein-coupled receptor, T cell death-associated gene-8 (TDAG8) deficient mice. Here, we expand on those findings by investigating depression- and anxiety-associated behaviors, and cytokine profiles in TDAG8-deficient mice. TDAG8-deficiency reduced depression- and anxiety-associated behaviors in the forced swim test (FST), open-field test and elevated zero maze. Interestingly, cytokine expression, particularly IL-6, was attenuated within hippocampus and spleen in TDAG8-deficient mice following the FST. There were no differences in immune-cell frequencies. Collectively, these data suggest a contributory role of TDAG8 in neuroimmune regulation and depression-associated physiology.
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