Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

The Thyroid Gland01:23

The Thyroid Gland

6.8K
The thyroid gland is a small, butterfly-shaped gland located in the neck and covers the anterior surface of the trachea. The gland has two lateral lobes connected by a thin tissue mass called the isthmus. Internally, each lobe comprises many small spherical structures known as thyroid follicles, surrounded by a network of blood vessels.
The follicles have a central cavity lined by simple cuboidal to squamous epithelial cells called follicular cells. These cells produce the glycoprotein...
6.8K
Functions of Thyroid Hormones01:18

Functions of Thyroid Hormones

5.0K
The thyroid hormone (TH) plays a pivotal role in the intricate orchestration of physiological processes, exerting profound effects on development, metabolism, and homeostasis throughout different life stages.
TH is indispensable for the normal development and maturation of the skeletal, muscular, and nervous systems during fetal and childhood growth. It facilitates bone mineral turnover and regulates protein synthesis in developing tissues, contributing significantly to overall growth and...
5.0K
Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones01:20

Synthesis and Regulation of Thyroid Hormones

7.3K
Low blood levels of the thyroid hormones — triiodothyronine (T3) and thyroxine (T4) — signal the hypothalamus to release the thyrotropin-releasing hormone (TRH). TRH then reaches the pituitary gland and stimulates the release of thyroid-stimulating hormone(TSH) into the bloodstream.
Upon reaching the thyroid gland, TSH stimulates the follicular cells' active uptake of iodide ions from the blood. The ions diffuse to the apical surface of the cells and are oxidized to iodine. The...
7.3K
Cellular Differentiation00:57

Cellular Differentiation

5.1K
How does a complex organism such as a human develop from a single cell? It all starts from a single fertilized egg which gives rise to a vast array of cell types, such as nerve cells, muscle cells, and epithelial cells that characterize the adult? Throughout development and adulthood, cellular differentiation leads cells to assume their final morphology and physiology. Differentiation is the process by which unspecialized cells become specialized to carry out distinct functions.
A zygote is a...
5.1K
Differential Leveling01:12

Differential Leveling

666
Differential leveling is a precise method in surveying used to determine the elevation difference between two points. Its primary goal is to establish accurate vertical measurements to create level surfaces or grade lines critical for designing and constructing infrastructures such as roads, bridges, and buildings.The procedure for differential leveling begins with setting up and leveling the instrument at a point where the benchmark can be seen. The level rod is held on the benchmark (BM), and...
666
Implicit Differentiation01:25

Implicit Differentiation

46
In classical mechanics, motion is often described through relationships between spatial coordinates and time. A car moving along a straight highway with constant acceleration serves as a simple case where velocity is an explicit function of time. This scenario results in a linear equation, enabling straightforward analysis using basic differentiation techniques.In contrast, a satellite in circular orbit follows a path defined by an implicit function. The position of the satellite is constrained...
46

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Beyond the LRINEC Score: A stratified diagnostic algorithm for subacute and atypical necrotizing fasciitis.

Annales de chirurgie plastique et esthetique·2026
Same author

Efficacy of FOLFIRINOX in digestive neuroendocrine carcinoma.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2026
Same author

The Absence of Claudin-10 in the Enamel Organ Alters Its Integrity.

Journal of dental research·2025
Same author

Retraction Note: Expression of E-cadherin repressors SNAIL, ZEB1 and ZEB2 by tumour and stromal cells influences tumour-budding phenotype and suggests heterogeneity of stromal cells in pancreatic cancer.

British journal of cancer·2025
Same author

Primary central nervous system lymphoma of the spinal cord: A LOC network cohort study.

Revue neurologique·2024
Same author

NETest in advanced high-grade gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine neoplasms.

Journal of neuroendocrinology·2024
Same journal

[Connective (tissue) pathology: What brings us together!]

Der Pathologe·2022
Same journal

[Giant cell-containing tumors of bone and differential diagnoses].

Der Pathologe·2022
Same journal

[Automation and application of robotics in the pathology laboratory].

Der Pathologe·2022
Same journal

[Practical diagnostic aspects of uterine leiomyosarcoma in the context of the 2020 WHO classification].

Der Pathologe·2022
Same journal

[Artificial intelligence: a solution for the lack of pathologists?]

Der Pathologe·2022
Same journal

[Predictive immunocytochemistry in non-small cell lung carcinoma].

Der Pathologe·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

21.6K

Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinoma : An underdiagnosed entity.

M S Dettmer1, A Schmitt2, P Komminoth3

  • 1Institute of Pathology, University of Bern, Murtenstraße 31, 3010, Bern, Switzerland. dettmerms@gmail.com.

Der Pathologe
|July 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTCs) are challenging to diagnose and have a poor prognosis. A unique miRNA signature aids in their identification, offering hope for targeted therapies.

Keywords:
MicroRNAPoorly differentiated thyroid carcinomaPrognosisThyroid neoplasmTyrosine kinase inhibitor

More Related Videos

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

1.4K
Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
06:08

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: June 2, 2023

2.3K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma
07:01

An Orthotopic Mouse Model of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: April 17, 2013

21.6K
Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma
04:01

Transoral Robotic Total Thyroidectomy and Bilateral Central Regional Lymph Node Dissection for Papillary Thyroid Carcinoma

Published on: September 15, 2023

1.4K
Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma
06:08

Establishment and Characterization of Patient-Derived Xenograft Models of Anaplastic Thyroid Carcinoma and Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma

Published on: June 2, 2023

2.3K

Area of Science:

  • Endocrinology
  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Poorly differentiated thyroid carcinomas (PDTCs) represent an intermediate category between well-differentiated and anaplastic thyroid carcinomas.
  • Diagnosis is challenging, often missed in routine practice, with even small components significantly impacting prognosis.
  • The oncocytic subtype of PDTC may present a worse clinical outcome.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the diagnostic difficulties and prognostic implications of PDTCs.
  • To explore the molecular landscape and unique features of PDTCs.
  • To discuss potential therapeutic avenues for these challenging cancers.

Main Methods:

  • Review of current diagnostic criteria (WHO 2006).
  • Analysis of molecular alterations common in thyroid carcinomas.
  • Identification of specific miRNA signatures for PDTCs.

Main Results:

  • PDTCs share molecular alterations with other thyroid subtypes, lacking a distinctive molecular profile.
  • PDTCs possess a unique miRNA signature differentiating them from other thyroid carcinomas.
  • Relapse-free survival is typically less than one year, with a 50% mortality rate.

Conclusions:

  • PDTCs are aggressive tumors with difficult diagnoses and poor prognoses.
  • miRNA profiling offers a potential diagnostic tool for PDTCs.
  • Targeted therapies, including tyrosine kinase inhibitors, combined with molecular diagnostics, present new treatment opportunities.