Lipogenesis in developing human adipose tissue

De novo lipid synthesis can be demonstrated in human fetal subcutaneous tissue cells which are in the initial stages of liquid accumulation. Lipogenic capacity measured as ability to incorporate acetate into neutral lipid was shown to increase with gestational age. This lipogenic capacity was accompanied by an increased activity of acetyl co-enzyme A carboxylase. Insulin, which is known to activate this enzyme in mature adipose tissue, increased neutral lipid synthesis in fetal subcutaneous tissue. When tissue insulin levels were determined, insulin was found from 16 wk gestation. At this time triglyceride content of the tissue was also increasing. Thus de novo fatty acid synthesis is a means by which the developing adipose cell initiates lipid accumulation.