Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Decreasing Function01:27

Decreasing Function

220
A decreasing function describes a relationship where the output consistently declines as the input increases. This means that for any two input values, if one is greater than the other, the corresponding output is smaller. Mathematically, a function f is decreasing on an interval I if for every x1 < x2​ in I, f (x1) > f (x2). This type of behavior is visually identified on a graph that slopes downward from left to right.The nature of a function can be analyzed by calculating...
220
Real Time RT-PCR02:57

Real Time RT-PCR

64.8K
Real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, or Real-time RT-PCR, is an analytical tool used to determine the expression level of target genes. The method involves converting mRNA to complementary DNA with the help of an enzyme known as reverse transcriptase, followed by the PCR amplification of the cDNA. These two processes can be performed simultaneously in a single tube or separately as a two-step reaction.
The real-time quantification of the number of amplified products is...
64.8K
Decreased Body Temperature01:29

Decreased Body Temperature

1.0K
A decreased body temperature can occur in patients with hypothermia and frostbite. Heat loss with extended cold exposure overpowers the body's ability to create heat, resulting in hypothermia. Core temperature readings help classify hypothermia. Mild hypothermia is temperatures between 32 °C (89.6 °F) and 35°C (95 °F) and is caused by impaired thermoregulation. Moderate hypothermia is temperatures between 28 C (82.4 °F) and 32 °C (89.6 °F) caused by...
1.0K
Decreased pulse rate01:14

Decreased pulse rate

855
Bradycardia is a medical condition in which the heart rate is slower than normal. It occurs when the heart's natural pacemaker, the sinus node, generates slower electrical impulses than the standard rhythm. In adults, bradycardia is diagnosed when the pulse rate falls below 60 beats per minute, indicating a deviation from the normal heart rate range.
There are specific risk factors that can elevate the likelihood of developing bradycardia. Advanced age is a significant factor, with...
855
Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control01:07

Time-Domain Interpretation of PD Control

384
Proportional-Derivative (PD) control is a widely used control method in various engineering systems to enhance stability and performance. In a system with only proportional control, common issues include high maximum overshoot and oscillation, observed in both the error signal and its rate of change. This behavior can be divided into three distinct phases: initial overshoot, subsequent undershoot, and gradual stabilization.
Consider the example of control of motor torque. Initially, a positive...
384
Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control01:27

Time and frequency -Domain Interpretation of PI Control

403
Proportional-Integral (PI) controllers are essential in many control systems to improve stability and performance. They are commonly used in everyday devices like thermostats to enhance system damping and reduce steady-state error. When the zero in the controller's transfer function is optimally placed, the system benefits significantly in terms of stability and accuracy.
Acting as a low-pass filter, the PI controller slows the system's response and extends settling times. This requires...
403

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Recurrent toe walking in pediatric orthopedic patients: idiopathic versus concomitant sensory processing disorders.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B·2026
Same author

Effect of Abduction Bracing on the ContralateralFoot in Patients With Unilateral Clubfoot Deformity:A Longitudinal Study.

Journal of pediatric orthopedics·2026
Same author

Plantar pressures in symptomatic and asymptomatic flexible flatfeet: how do they differ?

Journal of pediatric orthopedics. Part B·2026
Same author

Suicidal Ideation in Pediatric Orthopaedic Patients.

JB & JS open access·2026
Same author

Community Ambulatory Activity in Children Treated for Clubfoot: 10-year Follow-up.

Journal of the Pediatric Orthopaedic Society of North America·2025
Same author

Transverse tibial bone transport to avoid major lower limb amputation: A case report.

International journal of surgery case reports·2025
Same journal

Do Younger Patients Undergoing Transfibular Total Ankle Arthroplasty Achieve Outcomes Comparable with Those of Older Patients? Interpreting Nonsignificant Differences in Clinical Research: Commentary on an article by Kevin A. Schafer, MD, et al.: "Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes at a Mean of 7 Years Following Primary Transfibular Total Ankle Arthroplasty in Younger and Older Patients".

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Clinical and Radiographic Outcomes at a Mean of 7 Years Following Primary Transfibular Total Ankle Arthroplasty in Younger and Older Patients.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Quantifying Protrusio Risk in the Metastatic Acetabulum: A Step Toward Precision: Commentary on an article by Will Jiang, BS, et al.: "Development of a Radiographic Scoring System to Estimate Acetabular Protrusion Risk in Patients with Osteolytic Periacetabular Metastases".

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Can We Find the Oracle of Fracture Union?: Commentary on an article by Luke A. Lopas, MD, et al.: "A Fracture Healing Odyssey: Kinematic Comparison of Unions and Nonunions in Human Lower-Extremity Long Bones Treated with Intramedullary Nailing. A Retrospective Cohort Study".

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Stacked-Cone Constructs for Extensive Tibial and/or Femoral Bone Loss in Complex Primary and Revision TKA: A Multicenter Analysis of 84 Cases.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
Same journal

Shaping Modern Practice in South Korea: A Centennial Review of Orthopaedics at Severance Hospital and Yonsei University College of Medicine.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

1.0K

Real-Time Monitoring with a Controlled Advancement Drill May Decrease Plunge Depth.

S Blake Wallace1,2, Alexander Cherkashin1, Mikhail Samchukov1

  • 1Texas Scottish Rite Hospital for Children, Dallas, Texas.

The Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
|July 6, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new dual motor drill significantly reduced accidental bone penetration in orthopaedic surgery. This advanced drill technology enhances safety for surgeons of all experience levels by minimizing plunge depth and preventing potential neurovascular injury.

More Related Videos

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice
04:45

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.9K
Optimized Sealing Process and Real-Time Monitoring of Glass-to-Metal Seal Structures
04:41

Optimized Sealing Process and Real-Time Monitoring of Glass-to-Metal Seal Structures

Published on: September 2, 2019

7.8K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator
06:04

Experimental Investigation of the Hierarchical Control in DC Microgrids Using a Real-time Simulator

Published on: February 14, 2025

1.0K
Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice
04:45

Real-Time Electrocardiogram Monitoring During Treadmill Training in Mice

Published on: May 5, 2022

2.9K
Optimized Sealing Process and Real-Time Monitoring of Glass-to-Metal Seal Structures
04:41

Optimized Sealing Process and Real-Time Monitoring of Glass-to-Metal Seal Structures

Published on: September 2, 2019

7.8K

Area of Science:

  • Orthopaedic Surgery
  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Surgical Technology

Background:

  • Conventional drilling in orthopaedics carries an inherent risk of over-penetration, potentially damaging surrounding soft tissues.
  • A dual motor drill offers controlled advancement and real-time monitoring, aiming to mitigate this risk.
  • This study investigated the efficacy of a dual motor drill in reducing plunge depth across varying surgical experience levels.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of a dual motor drill in minimizing drill plunge depth compared to conventional drills.
  • To determine if the dual motor drill's performance varies based on the user's surgical experience.

Main Methods:

  • Sixty-six participants (surgeons, residents, students) performed drilling tasks using both conventional and dual motor drills on a Sawbones block in ballistic gel.
  • Drill penetration depth into the ballistic gel was precisely measured using a digital caliper for each hole.
  • Data were analyzed to compare plunge depths between the two drill types and across participant experience levels.

Main Results:

  • The dual motor drill resulted in significantly less plunge depth (0.9 mm) compared to the conventional drill (4.2 mm) overall (p < 0.001).
  • This reduction in plunge depth was observed across all experience groups: attending surgeons, residents, and medical students.
  • With the dual motor drill, 97% of plunges were less than 2 mm, whereas the conventional drill led to deeper plunges in 72% of cases (2-5 mm or >5 mm).

Conclusions:

  • The dual motor drill significantly decreases plunge depth, enhancing safety for both experienced and inexperienced surgical practitioners.
  • Unlike conventional drills, the dual motor drill showed no significant difference in performance across different levels of surgical experience.
  • Implementing controlled advancement drills like the dual motor drill holds promise for reducing plunge-related neurovascular injuries during surgery.