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Updated: Jan 22, 2026

Automated Measurement of Cryptococcal Species Polysaccharide Capsule and Cell Body
Published on: January 11, 2018
Recent advances in managing HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis
Timothée Boyer-Chammard1,2, Elvis Temfack3, Alexandre Alanio1,4
1Molecular Mycology Unit and National Reference Centre for Invasive Mycoses, UMR2000, CNRS, Institut Pasteur, Paris, France.
Abstract:
The recent development of highly sensitive and specific point-of-care tests has made it possible to diagnose HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis within minutes. However, diagnostic advances have not been matched by new antifungal drugs and treatment still relies on old off-patent drugs: amphotericin B, flucytosine and fluconazole. Cryptococcal meningitis treatment is divided in three phases: induction, consolidation and maintenance. The induction phase, aimed at drastically reducing cerebrospinal fluid fungal burden, is key for patient survival. The major challenge in cryptococcal meningitis management has been the optimisation of induction phase treatment using the limited number of available medications, and major progress has recently been made. In this review, we summarise data from key trials which form the basis of current treatment recommendations for HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis.
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