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Cutaneous leishmaniasis in non-endemic countries: An emerging yet neglected problem
Joana Vasconcelos1, João Torres1, Joana Granado1
1Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Egas Moniz, Lisbon, Portugal.
Idcases
|July 6, 2019
Summary
Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL), a neglected disease, is emerging in non-endemic countries. Effective treatment of this parasitic infection requires more research and funding.
Area of Science:
- Tropical medicine
- Infectious diseases
- Parasitology
Background:
- Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis, often neglected in industrialized non-endemic countries.
- Emerging cases in non-endemic regions present diagnostic and therapeutic challenges due to limited clinical experience and literature.
Observation:
- A case of CL in a traveler returning from Brazil presented as a cutaneous ulcerated lesion.
- Isolation of *Leishmania braziliensis/guyanensis* complex (subgenus *Viannia*) confirmed the etiological agent.
Findings:
- Initial miltefosine treatment showed no response.
- Subsequent treatment with liposomal amphotericin B yielded excellent results for the patient.
Implications:
- Highlights challenges in diagnosing and treating New World CL in non-endemic settings.
- Underscores the critical need for increased funding and research into CL management.
- Suggests liposomal amphotericin B as a viable treatment option for refractory CL cases.
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