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Spatial processing in a mental rotation task: Differences between high and low math-anxiety individuals.

M Isabel Núñez-Peña1, Belén González-Gómez2, Àngels Colomé3

  • 1Department of Social Psychology and Quantitative Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institute of Neurosciences, University of Barcelona, Spain; Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu, Spain.

Biological Psychology
|July 6, 2019
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Highly math-anxious individuals require more attentional resources for spatial tasks, showing slower responses and increased brain activity (P3b) during mental rotation compared to low math-anxious peers.

Keywords:
Attentional control theoryERPsMath anxietyP3bRotation-related negativitySpatial processing

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Highly math-anxious (HMA) individuals exhibit heightened attentional resource allocation in numerical tasks.
  • Existing research indicates that HMA individuals possess weaker spatial skills compared to their low math-anxious (LMA) counterparts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if HMA individuals also require greater attentional resources for spatial tasks.
  • To examine the electrophysiological correlates of mental rotation in HMA versus LMA individuals.

Main Methods:

  • Participants (HMA and LMA) performed a mental rotation task involving normal and mirror-reversed letters across six orientations.
  • Behavioral data (response time, errors) and event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically P3b, were recorded.

Main Results:

  • Both groups demonstrated increased response times and errors with greater angular deviation, confirming the mental rotation effect.
  • HMA individuals exhibited slower response times and a larger P3b amplitude, particularly at greater deviations and for mirrored stimuli.
  • The P3b findings suggest increased attentional investment by HMA individuals during spatial processing.

Conclusions:

  • HMA individuals may need to exert more cognitive effort for mental rotation tasks than LMA individuals.
  • Findings align with the Attentional Control Theory, proposing that anxiety influences attentional resource allocation.