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Related Concept Videos

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps01:07

Refrigerators and Heat Pumps

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Refrigerators or heat pumps are heat engines operating in a reverse direction. For a refrigerator, the focus is on removing heat from a specific area, whereas, for a heat pump, the focus is on dumping heat into one particular area. A refrigerator (or heat pump) absorbs heat Qc from the cold reservoir at Kelvin temperature Tc and discards heat Qh to the hot reservoir at Kelvin temperature Th, while work W is done on the engine’s working substance.
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Thermal Energy Microscopically, thermal energy is the kinetic energy associated with the random motion of atoms and molecules. Temperature is a quantitative measure of “hot” or “cold”, which depends on the amount of thermal energy. When the atoms and molecules in an object are moving or vibrating quickly, they have a higher average kinetic energy (KE) (or higher thermal energy), and the object is perceived as “hot”, or it is described as being at a higher temperature. When the...
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The specific heat capacity of a substance refers to the energy required to increase the temperature of one gram of that substance by one degree Celcius. Specific heat capacity is often represented in calories (cal), grams (g), and degrees Celsius (oC), but can also be expressed in joules (J), kilograms (kg), and Kelvin (K), among other units.
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When a substance—isolated from its environment—is subjected to heat changes, corresponding changes in temperature and phase of the substance is observed; this is graphically represented by heating and cooling curves.
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The universe is composed of matter in different forms, and all forms of matter contain energy.  The different forms of energy on Earth originate from the Sun — the ultimate energy source. Plants capture light energy from the Sun, and, via the process of photosynthesis, convert it into chemical energy. This stored energy from plants can be harnessed in many ways. For example, eating plant products as food provides energy for our body to function, and burning wood or coal (fossilized...
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Home Energy Management System Incorporating Heat Pump Using Real Measured Data.

Zhengnan Cao1, Fergal O'Rourke2, William Lyons3

  • 1Centre for Renewables & Energy, School of Engineering, Dundalk Institute of Technology, Dundalk, Co. Louth, A91 K584, Ireland. Zhengnan.Cao@dkit.ie.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|July 7, 2019
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study optimized home energy management systems (HEMS) for heat pumps (HP) using particle swarm optimization (PSO). The Crossover Subswarm PSO (CSPSO) algorithm achieved significant cost savings while maintaining user comfort.

Keywords:
demand side management (DSM)heat pump (HP)home energy management system (HEMS)indoor thermal modelparticle swarm optimisation (PSO)

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Area of Science:

  • Electrical Engineering
  • Artificial Intelligence
  • Sustainable Energy

Background:

  • Rising electricity demand necessitates smart grid solutions, with Home Energy Management Systems (HEMS) being crucial.
  • Demand Side Management (DSM) strategies are vital for grid stability and efficiency.
  • Heat Pumps (HP) are efficient for residential heating/cooling, offering low CO2 emissions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and evaluate a HEMS program utilizing Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) for optimizing HP operation.
  • To minimize electricity costs for residential heating/cooling while ensuring end-user comfort.
  • To incorporate an indoor thermal model for accurate temperature control within the HEMS.

Main Methods:

  • Implementation of a HEMS program featuring a Heat Pump (HP) load.
  • Application of Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithms, including variants like Crossover Subswarm PSO (CSPSO).
  • Utilizing real-world data from the UK Government's Renewable Heat Premium Payment (RHPP) scheme for model validation.

Main Results:

  • The Crossover Subswarm PSO (CSPSO) algorithm demonstrated an average cost saving of 25.61%.
  • CSPSO achieved these savings with a rapid search time of 1576 ms per subswarm.
  • The optimized HEMS effectively reduced operational costs compared to unscheduled operation.

Conclusions:

  • PSO-based HEMS offer significant potential for reducing the operational costs of Heat Pumps.
  • Maintaining end-user comfort is achievable alongside substantial electricity cost savings.
  • Advanced PSO variants like CSPSO provide efficient solutions for smart grid energy management.